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- The case for social support in social marketingPublication . Baptista, Nuno; Alves, H.; Pinho, José CarlosPurpose – This paper aims to reinforce the arguments for applying the social support concept in social marketing. Design/methodology/approach – This paper aims to conceptually outline the potential positive contribution of social support for social marketing practice as a tool to induce behavior change. Findings – This paper focuses on the philosophical principle of social exchange, highlights the consumer- centered perspective of social marketing, which implies the natural evaluation of the social networks of influence and support and presents social support as a mechanism to induce long-term behavior change. Research limitations/implications – No empirical (qualitative or quantitative) investigations were used to test the application of the concept in practical interventions. Practical implications – This paper provides significant insights for intervention developers that can be used to program and theoretically justify future social marketing interventions applying the social support concept. Social implications – Empirical research concluded for a positive relation between social support and human health and well-being. Thus, increasing the use of the concept in social marketing can serve to attain these social goals. Originality/value – The concept of social support has gained considerable interest in the areas of behavioral medicine and health psychology. Despite such interest, it is still not clear how it can be approached in social marketing as there is a lack of conceptual literature discussing social support from a social marketing perspective, the number of social marketing interventions operationalizing the concept is limited and, till date, no research has focused in comprehensively establishing a theoretical rationale to operationalize the concept in social marketing.
- Profiling European consumers that engage in boycottingPublication . Mata, F.; Baptista, Nuno; Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Jesus Silva, NatachaBoycott involves abstention from buying specific products or brands for political, ethical, or ecological reasons. Boycott is usually framed as an expression of political consumerism and has been on the rise. Companies that suffer a boycott may endure severe consequences including long-term damaged brand image and harmed reputation. However, there is still an incomplete picture of the socio-political and demographic profile of boycotters. Most characterizations of political consumers are based on research that combines boycotters and buycotters under a single construct of political consumers, and yet these consumers are driven by different motivations. The objective of this exploratory study is to provide a general characterization of European political consumers that engage in boycotting. The data used was collected between the 25th of May, 2022 and the18th of September, 2022, and was retrieved from the 10th edition (2022) of the European Social Survey. The study employs binary logistic regression to assess the association between boycotting and various potential factors listed in extant literature. Results indicate that boycotting behaviour is affected by age and other life-cycle variables, gender, education, institutional trust, the degree of satisfaction with the political system and the government, the level of trust in information and communication technology, reported self-happiness and self-general health perceptions. In general, the parameters of the models suggest that European consumers that engage in boycotting behaviour tend to be female, young, well-educated, trust on national political institutions and make intensive use of digital media. The conclusions of the empirical study are discussed and interpreted in light of current theories of consumer behaviour that highlight the post-modern, fragmented and globalized characteristics of current western societies. The results of this study enrich the literature on consumer boycotts and confirm the predicting power of various socio-demographic, psychological and attitudinal variables. Avenues for future research are identified together with consideration of the study limitations.
- Uncovering the use of the social support concept in social marketing interventions for healthPublication . Baptista, Nuno; Alves, H.; Pinho, José CarlosThe concept of social support has gained considerable traction in the areas of behavioral medicine and health psychology. Despite such interest, it is still not clear how the concept can be approached from a social marketing perspective. The purpose of this article is to examine how social support has been operationalized and conceptualized in health-related social marketing interventions. To attain this objective, a scoping review of field interventions was undertaken following the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA-ScR framework. The following electronic databases were searched, from inception until September 25, 2018: PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Scopus. A total of 1820 academic articles were screened for inclusion. After applying the strict inclusion criteria, the final sample included 32 articles that report on 19 distinct social marketing interventions. The results revealed that interventions have operationalized the social support concept in connection with the key fundamental aspects of social marketing, including behavioral change, consumer research, segmentation and targeting, and exchange, as well as marketing mix and competition. However, the findings also indicated poor conceptualizations of social support and the underreporting of the theoretical rationale for the operationalization of the concept. Knowledge is advanced and can be useful not only for academics but also for practitioners, particularly concerning the improvement of the rigor in the use of the social support concept in future social marketing interventions.
- Smart and sustainable cities through short supply chains of foodPublication . Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Baptista, NunoThe world in general and cities in particular face tremendous challenges at the environmental, social, economic and institutional levels. Currently, cities need to be sustainable and smart. As our better knowledge, most of the literature explores the concept of smart cities from the point of view of information and communications technology unless the connection with the social and sustainability aspects remains unsolved. This paper tries to overcome this gap in the literature. The main aim is to analyse the contribution of short supply chains of foods in terms of the sustainability of smart cities. The methods include a scoping revision of the literature. Information and data also come from the preliminary results from the SGDsCONSUM project. The results confirm the positive impacts of short supply chains of food in urban areas towards smart and sustainable cities. The conclusions of this paper will be helpful for scholars and public decision- makers to implement their policies accordingly.
- The impact of economic globalization on welfare statesPublication . Jesus Silva, Natacha; Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Baptista, NunoThe literature has yet to draw firm conclusions regarding the effect of economic globalization on government spending in developing countries in general and Pakistan in particular. This paper tries to overcome this gap on the literature and analyses the impact of globalization and democracy on the aggregate level of Pakistan's social spending from 1972 to 2018. The methods used include econometrics models. The results confirm that globalization is inversely related to social spending, while democracy positively affects social expenditures. Other results confirm that debt service and inflation rate harm social spending. In contrast, the more significant economic development and the increased unemployment rate have a positive and meaningful relationship with social expenditure in the long run. Public decision-makers should consider these conclusions to promote economic and social sustainability in Pakistan.
- Systematic literature review on global strategy: mapping trends and gapsPublication . Matos, Nelson; Sánchez Jiménez, Miguel Ángel; Ramos, Celia; Baptista, Nuno; Ferreira, J. J. M.The global economy changed the way products and services are exchange and reminded organizations’ managers to find new ways to obtain competitive advantage and formulate their strategy in the global market. Thus, this chapter’s aim is to perform a systematic literature review to identify the main theoretical topics of global strategy in the past 43 years using bibliometric analysis. The results allowed to identify and cluster five main trends: Cluster 1 – firm performance in the global market; Cluster 2 – power and market space development; Cluster 3 – government regulation, government and regulation; Cluster 4 – economic periods; Cluster 5 – societal changes. Findings also allowed to find potential gaps in global strategy related with the topics of entrepreneurship, competitive strategy, capitalism, transitions, climate change, law, portfolio, financial performance, global sourcing, and global value chain. Conclusions are drawn.
- Attitudes towards consumption: the development of an operational scalePublication . Baptista, Nuno; Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Mata, F.; Jesus Silva, Natacha; Matos, NelsonThe western economic development, which allowed the consumer to have access to goods and services in an easy and accessible way, brought the attention of the academia and practitioners for the current mass consumption society and consumption’s role in generating happiness among consumers. However, contradictory to the contemporary way of life, some consumers have established a different current, in which anti-consumption is seen as a way to also achieve well-being, while contributing to the sustainability of the planet. The discontented consumer and the consequent upraising of the activist consumer means that the negative consumers’ attitudes towards consumption and the corporate world need to be addressed. The concept of consumerism comprises the activities of governments, business, and independent organizations to protect and promote consumers’ rights. This rather different approaches from the consumers to the market offer requires better understanding, due to the impacts on marketing practitioner’s policies and actions. (…)
- Marketing in the public sector - benefits and barriers: a bibliometric study from 1931 to 2020Publication . Matos, Nelson; Correia, Marisol B.; Ramón Saura, José; Reyes-Menendez, Ana; Baptista, NunoThe global economy has brought economic and social changes that have led organizations to extend their vision beyond consumer and business markets. Particularly, in the marketing of public sector (MPS), the extant theoretical foundations require more comprehensive investigations not only into the main topics researchers have looked into the past, but also into the new challenges they will face in the future. Thus, the purpose of this study is to provide a thorough a bibliometric overview of the theoretical framework and to identify benefits and barriers of marketing in the public sector. We provide an overview of the theoretical framework and identify the benefits and barriers of marketing in the public sector through a bibliometric study. To achieve this objective, a systematic literature review was conducted of 3926 articles from 1931 to 2020. The results allowed the identification of four main theoretical clusters: educational, public health, social economics and urban politics. It also offered benefits and barriers in the context of MPS. Conclusions and implications to the academia and managers are drawn. Future research opportunities are also provided.
- Smart and sustainable cities in the Mediterranean region: the contribution of short supply chains of foodPublication . Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Baptista, Nuno; Machado-Santos, C.The cities around the world in general, and in the Mediterranean area in particular, are facing tremendous challenges at the environmental, social, economic, and institutional levels, due to the urbanization trend, environmental climatic changes and challenges due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, cities need to be sustainable and smart in the future. An economically important and innovative sector in urban areas is food security. Nowadays, most of the literature explores the concept of smart cities from the point of view of information and communications technology, indeed, the connection with the sustainability aspects of the food supply chain and the ways to operationalize that, remains unsolved. This paper tries to overcome this gap in the literature. The main aim is to analyze the contribution of the short supply chain of food in terms of sustainability in smart cities, regarding current urban trends in cities in general and in Mediterranean areas in particular. The methodology was based on a literature review and includes quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results confirm the existence of positive impacts in the short supply chains of food in urban areas in terms of sustainability. Despite the existence of a considerable number of papers about smart cities and ICT-related topics, the benefits from society of short supply chains of food, and the linkage among the topics and subjects, remain unreferred to or with a limited knowledge exchange. The conclusions of this paper will be helpful for public decision makers to implement policies in order to promote the sustainability of Mediterranean cities.
- Smart cities through urban short supply chains of foodPublication . Mata, F.; Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Baptista, Nuno; Jesus Silva, NatachaThe cities around the world in general and in the Mediterranean area in particular are facing tremendous challenges at the environmental, social, economic and institutional levels (Fernandez-Anez et al., 2020). Currently, cities need to be sustainable and smart (Silva et al., 2018). An economically important and innovative sector in urban areas is food security. To the best of our knowledge, the majority of the literature explores the concept of smart cities from the point of view of information and communications technology, and the connection with sustainability aspects remains unsolved. This study tries to overcome this gap in the literature. The main aim is to analyse the contribution of urban short-supply chains of foods in terms of sustainability of smart cities. The study reports the conclusions of a revision of the literature and the preliminary results of four research projects in this area, including the SGDsCONSUM project. The results confirm positive impacts of short supply chains of food in urban areas in the four dimensions of sustainable development and smart and sustainable cities. The conclusions of this study will be helpful for producers, consumers, traders, importers, exporters, tourists, financial institutions, and particularly for government sectors related to agricultural economic activities, projects, and programs in policy development.