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Browsing ESCS - Artigos by Author "Ahmad, Nawaz"
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- Crowdfunding as an alternative for developing investigative journalism: a baseline analysis of the education sector in PortugalPublication . Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Ahmad, NawazThe subprime crisis from 2007 and the availability of free news on the Internet led to a drastic decrease of investigative journalism in Portugal. Crowdfunding could be an alternative to traditional models of financing investigative journalism. The present paper aims to analyze the crowdfunding for financing investigative journalism in that country. The methodology used is exploratory. The main results highlight confirm the low entrepreneurial skills of journalists. We suggest the future inclusion of courses in economics and entrepreneurship in the academic degrees in Portugal to overcome this problem.
- Forecast foreign exchange rate: The case study of PKR/USDPublication . AsadUllah, Muhammad; Ahmad, Nawaz; Dos Santos, Maria José Palma LampreiaThe main aim of this paper is to forecast the future values of the exchange rate of the USD. Dollar (USD) and Pakistani Rupee (PR). For this purpose was used the ARIMA model to forecast the future exchange rates, because the time series was stationary at first difference. Data reported to five years ranging from the first day of April 2014 to 31st March 2019. The results proved that ARIMA (1,1,9) is the most suitable model to forecast the exchange rate. The difference between the forecasted values and actual values are less than 1%; therefore, it was found that the ARIMA is robust and this model will be helpful for the government functionaries, monetary policymakers, economists and other stakeholders to identify and forecast the future trend of the exchange rate and make their policies accordingly.
- The performance comparison of the open-ended fund and close-ended mutual fund in PakistanPublication . Ahmad, Nawaz; Sharif, Salwa; Dos Santos, Maria José Palma LampreiaThis research study show performance comparison of the Net Asset Values (NAVs) return of Openended and Close-ended mutual funds in Pakistan. The aim of the study to analyze the dissimilarity between the “net asset values” (NAVs) returns of the open-ended and close-ended mutual funds. The monthly data of Net Asset Value return of both open-ended funds and close-ended funds were taken over the period from 2006 till 2011 (inclusive). The NAVs return was computed through (LN) natural log function. The normality test was conducted initially and then the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test were applied, their result showed that the data is not normally distributed. The Mann- Whitney U test and then further the Kruskal Wallis was conducted to check for the differences between these two groups of independent variables. It showed dissimilarity between the net asset value returns of the openended and close-ended mutual funds. Further Kruskal Wallis test results indicated significant differences between the open-ended and close-ended funds. It is concluded that the performance of open-ended and close-ended mutual funds is not the same. Also, growth is witnessed in the mutual fund industry and many close-ended funds have been converted to open-ended funds
- Sustainability of European agricultural holdingsPublication . Dos Santos, Maria José Palma Lampreia; Ahmad, NawazEuropean agricultural activity has an important contribution to European and global food security and also in the preservation of countryside and livelihood. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the agricultural sustainability of the twenty-eight Member States of the European Union in order to promote sustainable agriculture, food security and rural development in the European region. Information and data used are obtained from the European Commission database. The methodology includes the min–max approach and multivariate techniques, namely, Cluster and Factorial Analysis. The findings show the existence of three different clusters of farms in European countries, namely, Central European countries, New Eastern Member States, and the Mediterranean countries. The results also conclude that European agriculture and their respective farms have moderate sustainability where the subsidies from Common Agricultural Policy have a positive impact on. Moreover, agricultural activity in the European Central countries presents the highest value in economic contribution, whereas the Mediterranean countries present more contribution in environmental terms. The highest contribution in terms of creating rural jobs is found in Eastern countries. The main conclusion highlights the need to better adjust agricultural policies among the European Member States in order to better promote the sustainability of agriculture in Europe.