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- A review of digital eye strain: binocular vision anomalies, ocular surface changes, and the need for objective assessmentPublication . Barata, Maria João; Aguiar, Pedro; Grzybowski, Andrzej; Moreira-Rosário, André; Lança, CarlaBackground: This study investigates the impact of digital device usage on the visual system, with a focus on binocular vision. It also highlights the importance of objective assessment in accurately diagnosing and guiding therapeutic approaches for Digital Eye Strain Syndrome (DESS). Methods: A comprehensive narrative review was conducted to synthesize existing evidence. The methodological quality of observational and case-control studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, while randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias (RoB 2) tool. Results: Fifteen articles were included in this review, with a predominant focus on binocular vision anomalies, particularly accommodative and vergence dysfunctions, as well as ocular surface anomalies related to DESS. Clinical assessments relied primarily on symptom-based questionnaires, which represent a significant limitation. The included studies were largely observational, with a lack of longitudinal and RCTs. In contrast, research in dry eye disease has been more comprehensive, with multiple RCTs already conducted. Therefore, it is essential to develop validated objective metrics that support accurate clinical diagnosis and guide evidence-based interventions. Conclusions: It remains unclear whether changes in binocular vision are a cause or consequence of DESS. However, prolonged screen time can exacerbate pre-existing binocular vision anomalies due to continuous strain on convergence and accommodation, leading to symptoms. Future research should prioritize prospective longitudinal studies and well-designed RCTs that integrate objective clinical measures to elucidate causal relationships and improve diagnostic and therapeutic frameworks.
- PORTRESS – the PORTuguese Reuma.pt registry for Sjögren’S diseasePublication . Bandeira, Matilde; Silvério-António, Manuel; Costa, Roberto Pereira da; Lopes, Ana Rita; Santos, Filipe Cunha; Pereira, Paulo J.; Raimundo, Diana Belchior; Cunha, Anita; Oliveira, Cláudia Pinto; Duarte, Ana Catarina; Dias, João; Santos, Mariana Emília; Gonçalves, Maria João; Moniz, Ana Catarina; Maduro, Ana Isabel; Luís, Mariana; Valido, Ana; Oliveira, Margarida; Brites, Luísa; Tenazinha, Catarina; Vieira, Ana; Khmelinskii, Nikita; Barcelos, Filipe; Fonseca, João Eurico; Romão, Vasco C.Aims: Sjögren's disease (SjD) is a complex disease with a wide variety of manifestations and outcomes. We recently created PORTRESS, the Portuguese SjD registry within Reuma.pt. We aim to describe this registry and characterize our national cohort. Methods: We included patients with a clinical diagnosis of SjD, registered in PORTRESS up to November 2023. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) data were collected. Variables were compared according to parametric or non-parametric tests, as applicable. Results: A total of 1375 patients were included. Patients fulfilled AECG 2002 or ACR/EULAR 2016 classification criteria in 62% and 57% of cases, respectively, although more than half didn't have a complete assessment of all items. Of note, the vast majority (93%) had both SjD manifestations and a positive anti-Ro and/or minor salivary gland biopsy. Most patients (88%) exhibited at least one active ESSDAI domain during the course of their disease. Hydroxychloroquine and corticosteroids were used in 52% and 30% of patients, while other immunosuppressants and pilocarpine were used in 12% and 18% of cases, respectively. The mean ESSDAI at inclusion was 3.0±4.4 (range 0-42), and, at the last follow-up, 2.1±3.7 (0-31), corresponding to a significant decrease. Dryness, pain, and fatigue PROs were scored high, with a significant increase from baseline to follow-up. Conclusion: PORTRESS is a web-based SjD registry facilitating efficient nationwide data storage. It enables research, trial recruitment, and a comprehensive longitudinal view of patients' evolution. Although systemic activity improved over follow-up, symptom burden worsened when compared to baseline, underlining a major unmet need in SjD.
- Avaliação do conhecimento das mulheres da Cidade da Praia sobre a atuação da fisioterapia na saúde da mulherPublication . Monteiro, Andreia Sofia dos Santos; Coutinho, Isabel; Martins, Patrícia SilvaIntrodução: A fisioterapia na saúde da mulher atua nos cuidados do ciclo de vida feminino da infância até à senescência. Em Cabo Verde, mais propriamente na cidade da Praia, a especialidade é muito recente na prática clínica, tampouco temos registos relativamente à perceção e importância da atuação na área. Objetivos: avaliar o conhecimento das mulheres residentes na cidade da Praia sobre a atuação da fisioterapia na saúde da mulher. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, realizado através de um questionário online aplicado a mulheres da cidade da Praia, com 18 ou mais anos. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, considerando um nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Foram recebidas 383 respostas válidas. Os resultados demonstram que 61,88% das participantes afirmam ter conhecimento sobre fisioterapia na saúde da mulher. Contudo, esse conhecimento revelou-se limitado em áreas específicas como cancro ginecológico, prolapsos e disfunções fecais. Observou-se associação significativa entre o conhecimento da especialidade e fatores como nível de escolaridade, ocupação profissional e rendimento familiar. Apesar de uma percentagem significativa das mulheres relatar sintomas de disfunções do pavimento pélvico, a maioria não recebeu encaminhamento para fisioterapia, sendo que apenas 9,2% das mulheres tinham realizado fisioterapia uroginecológica. Conclusão: Apesar de existir uma consciencialização crescente sobre a fisioterapia na saúde da mulher, existem lacunas importantes no conhecimento e na acessibilidade ao tratamento especializado.
- O Balanced Scorecard: Triple Bottom Line aplicado numa empresa do setor cinematográficoPublication . Pires, Alexandra Martins; Vicente, CéliaAs organizações necessitam de ferramentas que permitam uma análise abrangente dos fatores que influenciam o seu desempenho. Neste contexto, Kaplan e Norton (1992) desenvolveram o Balanced Scorecard (BSC), uma metodologia que permite ajustar dinamicamente a estratégia organizacional, focando os objetivos essenciais ao seu sucesso. Em 2020, o BSC foi atualizado para integrar os princípios do Triple Bottom Line (TBL), incorporando as dimensões económica, social e ambiental. Este estudo propõe a implementação do BSC-TBL numa empresa do setor cinematográfico, designada por CineHorizonte, tendo como objetivos específicos a identificação e análise dos objetivos estratégicos e respetivos indicadores, bem como a elaboração do mapa estratégico. A escolha da empresa teve a ver com o facto de se ter verificado a ausência de uma ferramenta de gestão estratégica como o BSC-TBL. A investigação adotou a metodologia de estudo de caso, com entrevistas a diversos departamentos. Os resultados revelam um foco nas dimensões económica e social, mas evidenciam lacunas na vertente ambiental. Conclui-se que os objetivos estratégicos estão alinhados com a visão da empresa, que valoriza a qualidade, a diversidade dos serviços e a oferta de experiências de entretenimento de excelência.
- O impacto dos regimes de trabalho (Teletrabalho, Presencial e Misto) na satisfação no trabalho – a influência das variáveis género, idade e habilitações académicasPublication . Candulo, Filomena; Sotomayor, AnaA presente dissertação tem como principal foco o estudo da satisfação no trabalho tendo em consideração os diferentes regimes laborais: presencial, remoto e misto. Com base em teorias clássicas da motivação e satisfação, como as de Maslow, Herzberg e Vroom (Cunha et al., 2016; e Machado et al., 2011), procurou-se compreender de que forma fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos influenciam a satisfação no trabalho em contexto organizacional. O estudo foi orientado por duas questões de investigação: (i) se a satisfação no trabalho é afetada pelo regime laboral adotado (presencial, remoto e misto); e (ii) se variáveis demográficas (género, idade e habilitações académicas) influenciam essa relação. A investigação baseou-se na aplicação de um questionário (Job Satisfaction Survey – JSS) a 140 participantes de diferentes profissões, com predominância das áreas de contabilidade e auditoria. A análise dos dados incluiu estatísticas descritivas, testes t- Student, ANOVA e modelos de regressão linear e múltipla. Os resultados revelaram níveis mais elevados de satisfação nas facetas natureza do trabalho, supervisão e comunicação, e menores valores em compensação, progressão na carreira e benefícios. No que se refere aos regimes de trabalho, verificou-se que o regime presencial impacta negativamente a satisfação no trabalho, o regime misto apresenta um impacto positivo e significativo na satisfação no trabalho, e o teletrabalho não evidenciou efeito estatisticamente relevante na satisfação no trabalho. Relativamente à segunda questão de investigação, as análises mostraram que as variáveis demográficas género, idade e habilitações académicas não exercem influência estatisticamente significativa nos níveis de satisfação no trabalho. Conclui-se que a satisfação no trabalho é mais influenciada pelo regime laboral adotado do que pelas características demográficas, sendo o modelo misto/híbrido o que mais contribui para níveis superiores de satisfação.
- Impact of epigallocatechinn-3-gallate on Staphylococcus aureus molecular profilePublication . Inácio, Raquel; Ribeiro, Edna; Calado, Cecília R. C.The discovery of new antimicrobial compounds is critical for the control of severe nosocomial infections, as those associated with methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and resistant (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus strains. In order to enhance new therapeutic approaches, it is crucial to develop new platforms to screen innovative compounds. Here, we evaluated how Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR)-spectroscopy enables the prediction of antibiotic resistance and monitors the impact of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the metabolism of MRSA and MSSA strains. Data showed that EGCG impacts the bacteria's metabolism, and that MRSA strains are more sensitive to EGCG. The high sensitivity of the technique also enabled us to discriminate the impact of EGCG concentrations, i.e., between 25 and 50, and between 50 and 100μg/ml. On the other hand, EGCG's impact on cellular molecular composition was lower than the differences between MSSA and MRSA strains. Furthermore, it was possible to predict these strains' resistance towards the antibiotics methicillin, amoxicillin, imipenem, and gentamicin. Since the spectra were acquired in a rapid, simple, economic, and high-throughput mode, this methodology may strongly promote the surveillance of nosocomial infection caused by S. aureus, and to screen new antimicrobial compounds.
- Art and technology in Portugal: chronologies, archaeologies, symbolismsPublication . Torres, Rui; Bonacho, Fernanda; Simões, José ManuelThis book that you have in your hands - and whose research was developed adopting a multidisciplinary approach, prioritizing scientifically proven and validated study techniques - uses qualitative and quantitative data to analyze the media, arts, and technology scenario in the so-called Portuguese-speaking space, combining them with foundations and methods of classification and scientific construction Counting on the contributions of authors from several Portuguese-speaking countries, some of them internationally renowned, this work started with scientific objectives such as carrying out collections that are intended to be comprehensive of information related to the media, arts, and technologies in the nine cultures in question, establishing interdisciplinary research in these fields and promoting the dissemination of the results of these researches on a global scale.
- Circulating miR-146a and mir-134 as potential therapeutic biomarkers in refractory status epilepticus: an exploratory studyPublication . Palhete-Ferreira, Lígia; Leal, B.; Santos, C.; Franco, S.; Parreira, S.; Peralta, A. R.; Moniz, I.; Gaibino, N.; Teixeira, A.; Mateus, C.; Santos, R.; Bentes, C.Purpose: Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE) is defined by persisting electroclinical/electrographic seizures despite intravenous therapy with two anti-seizure medication (ASM), including a benzodiazepine. The therapeutic approach includes underlying cause treatment, other ASMs and intravenous anesthetic therapy (IVAT). In clinical practice, biomarkers for RSE treatment are needed, aiming for its effective reversal and diligent IVAT reduction. MicroRNAs (miR) have been identified in epileptogenesis, including refractory epilepsies, with promising roles as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic response biomarkers. Previous studies, animal model of RSE and SE patients, reported miR upregulation. However, serum miR in RSE clinical model have not been studied. We aim to evaluate circulating levels of miR-146a and mir-134 in patients under IVAT for RSE treatment. Method: MiR-146a and miR-134 were quantified by real-time PCR in serum of adult patients with optimized IVAT for RSE treatment (EEG validated) and healthy individuals. Anoxic etiology was excluded. Relative expression values were calculated using 2-ΔΔCT method and compared with controls (Mann-Whitney and T-Student, p<0.05). Results: MiR circulating levels were quantified in 19 patients (8.53±15.70 years), 84,21% with electroclinical status epilepticus and 15,79% with electrographic status epilepticus, and 10 healthy individuals (27.60±12.00 years). RSE patients with optimized IVAT dose presented downregulated serum levels of miR-146a (20-fold lower (p<0,001) and miR-134 (3-fold lower,p<0,001). Conclusion: In this work, a significant downregulation in serum levels of miR-146a and miR-134 was demonstrated in optimized IVAT for RSE treatment, contradicting miR upregulation stated in SE, both in animal and human models. We postulate that our results are due to the therapy established for RSE, reflecting the importance of intervention models in mechanisms of neuroinflammation, neuronal excitability and dendritic spine morphology. Future work should analyze the role of miRs as RSE therapeutical response biomarkers.
- Refractory status epilepticus outcome: a retrospective study from a Portuguese hospitalPublication . Palhete-Ferreira, Lígia; Dias, J.; Peralta, A. R.; Bentes, C.Purpose: Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE) is a severe neurological emergency characterized by refractoriness to initial anti-seizure medications (ASM) and often requiring intravenous anesthetics therapy (IVAT) in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Despite previous efforts, biomarkers of successful RSE reversal are still lacking. Aim: study clinical predictors of successful IVAT weaning off and outcome in patients with RSE under IVAT. Method: Retrospective study including RSE adult patients, under optimized IVAT for at least 72h, between November 2017 and December 2018. Clinical and functional outcome (mRS) data were collected at ICU discharge and at the last follow-up time. The association between clinical variables, successful IVAT weaning-off, and functional outcome was analyzed using statistical methods. Results: 32 patients (mean age 67.6 years; mean time follow-up 17months) were included, and 58 IVAT weaning-off attempts were analyzed, of which 41,3% were successful. All patients with a previous epilepsy diagnosis had a successful IVAT weaning-off attempt (p=0,022). However, no clinical factor was found to be an independent predictor of successful IVAT weaning-off in our binary-logistic regression model. At ICU discharge, 96,6% patients had mRS >2, 36,2% had died, and there was a positive association between mRS score and age (p=0,000), RSE type (p=0,004; mostly focal-motor RSE) and etiology (p=0,006), number of ASMs (p=0,004), treatment with LCS (p=0,000) and VPA (p=0,004) and STESS score (p=0,000). At last follow-up, 90,9% patients had mRS >2, 86,4% had died, and there was an association between mRS score and RSE etiology (p=0,049; mostly acute-symptomatic) and CNS infection (p=0,022). Conclusion: This study shows a negative outcome associated with RSE. Successful IVAT weaning-off was more frequent in epilepsy patients. RSE patients’ functional outcome was associated with multiple clinical factors, although identification of independent predictors was not possible. Larger, prospective, and multimodal studies are needed to better understand refractory forms of RSE and outcome predictors.
- Carbon aerogels and xerogels: next-generation materials for sustainable energy and environmental solutionsPublication . Tomić, David; Radinović, Kristina; Mladenović, Dušan; Milikić, Jadranka; Santos, Diogo; Pombeiro, Armando; Paul, Anup; Sljukic Paunkovic, BiljanaAbstract Carbon aerogels and xerogels, with their 3D porous architectures, ultralow density, high surface area, and excellent conductivity, have emerged as multifunctional materials for energy and environmental applications. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of these materials via polymerisation, drying, and carbonisation, as well as the role of novel precursors such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and biomass. Emphasis is also placed on doped and metal-decorated carbon gels as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions, enabling four- and two-electron pathways for energy conversion and the production of green H2O2, respectively. Aerogels’ high specific capacitance and stability also position them as promising materials for supercapacitors. The versatility of carbon aerogels and xerogels offers exciting prospects for future innovations in catalysis, energy storage, and sustainable technologies.
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