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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A gestão participativa no âmbito da escola brasileira é recente, surge após a Ditadura Militar, com a redemocratização do país nos anos 1980. Os conselhos escolares, os grêmios estudantis, as associações de pais e mestres, o projeto político-pedagógico, até mesmo a seleção do gestor escolar, são essenciais para as reais mudanças na gestão escolar, pois são práticas que efetivam a participação nas escolas. Atualmente, está na função da direção a responsabilidade de concretizar as mudanças no contexto escolar. Mudanças que devem garantir a eficácia e a eficiência do processo de escolarização.
Esta investigação teve como principal objetivo analisar o processo de democratização da educação nas escolas brasileiras, a partir da investigação e análise em uma escola estadual e duas municipais, na cidade de Paulistana, Piauí. O foco de análise esteve sobre as formas de recrutamento dos gestores escolares e o desempenho das suas funções. Para este intuito, utilizamos como metodologia a análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito profissionais.
Esta investigação sugere a permanência de um modelo “clientelista” no que tange a seleção dos gestores nas escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino. Por outro lado, identificamos na Rede Estadual formas mais democráticas, pois mantém um diálogo com a comunidade facilitando sua participação. Em relação às funções, percebemos a prevalência de delegação/distribuição de ordens e não de partilha junto às coordenações intermediárias, fazendo com que o gestor escolar seja o único responsável. Assim, constatamos que a democratização educacional tem um caminho significativo a percorrer, em especial na rede municipal de ensino, pois a indicação política e a troca de favores se fazem presentes. Para reverter este quadro, seria necessária uma vivência do exercício de participação em relação a tomada de decisão no ambiente escolar. Embora a gestão democrática seja uma determinação legal, ainda não se encontra totalmente consolidada nas Redes Públicas de Ensino, pois vários fatores citados não foram efetivados nas escolas públicas da cidade de Paulistana-PI.
Participatory management in Brazil is very recent, as it emerged after the military dictatorship with the country's democratization in the 1980s. School councils, student unions, parent-teacher associations, the political-pedagogical project, even the selection of school manager, are essential for real changes in school management, as they are actions that effect participation in schools. Currently, the person most responsible for bringing about these changes in the school context is centered on the figure of the principal, who through his/her functions, must guarantee an effective and efficient school. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze the process of democratization of education in a state school and two municipal schools in Paulistana - PI, giving special attention to the forms of recruitment of school managers and the performance of their functions. The research involved eight interviewees, from state and municipal schools, with data collection carried out through document analysis and semi-structured interviews. This research suggests that in the municipal education network, the use of a “clientelist” model remains as a way of choosing school managers, while in the state system, more democratic forms are used, with the participation of the community. Regarding the functions, there is no sharing, but delegation of functions in the intermediate coordinations, with the exception of one school, where the school manager is the only one in charge, without the help of other coordinations. Thus, we found that educational democratization has a significant way to go, especially in the municipal education network, which still retains much of the political indication. To reverse this situation, it would be necessary to have an experience of the exercise of participation and decision-making in the school environment. However, democratic management, despite being a legal determination, is not yet fully consolidated in education systems, as several of the factors mentioned above have not been implemented in public schools in the city of Paulistana-PI.
Participatory management in Brazil is very recent, as it emerged after the military dictatorship with the country's democratization in the 1980s. School councils, student unions, parent-teacher associations, the political-pedagogical project, even the selection of school manager, are essential for real changes in school management, as they are actions that effect participation in schools. Currently, the person most responsible for bringing about these changes in the school context is centered on the figure of the principal, who through his/her functions, must guarantee an effective and efficient school. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze the process of democratization of education in a state school and two municipal schools in Paulistana - PI, giving special attention to the forms of recruitment of school managers and the performance of their functions. The research involved eight interviewees, from state and municipal schools, with data collection carried out through document analysis and semi-structured interviews. This research suggests that in the municipal education network, the use of a “clientelist” model remains as a way of choosing school managers, while in the state system, more democratic forms are used, with the participation of the community. Regarding the functions, there is no sharing, but delegation of functions in the intermediate coordinations, with the exception of one school, where the school manager is the only one in charge, without the help of other coordinations. Thus, we found that educational democratization has a significant way to go, especially in the municipal education network, which still retains much of the political indication. To reverse this situation, it would be necessary to have an experience of the exercise of participation and decision-making in the school environment. However, democratic management, despite being a legal determination, is not yet fully consolidated in education systems, as several of the factors mentioned above have not been implemented in public schools in the city of Paulistana-PI.
Description
Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Administração Educacional
Keywords
Recrutamento Gestor escolar Participação Funções Recruitment School manager Participation Functions
Citation
Andrade, V. M. C. (2023). Modalidades de escolha do gestor escolar e suas respectivas funções,nas redes de ensino municipal e estadual, da cidade de PaulistanaPiauí (Dissertação de mestrado não publicada). Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Educação, Lisboa Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/17076