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Abstract(s)
A espirometria é um exame essencial na avaliação funcional das patologias respiratórias. Depende do esforço realizado pelo sujeito, pelo que é fundamental a competência do profissional que a realiza e interpreta. A nível internacional a espirometria é realizada quer por técnicos com formação de nível superior na área respiratória, quer por outros profissionais, principalmente ao nível dos cuidados de saúde primários e da saúde ocupacional. A qualidade da espirometria é uma preocupação reiterada por diversos autores. Reflete-se nas normas que têm sido publicadas e que os profissionais de saúde utilizam para balizar as suas opções, os seus procedimentos técnicos e a avaliação e interpretação dos exames. Em Portugal, são normalmente utilizadas as orientações da American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society, 2005 mas persistem abordagens distintas, à espirometria, entre os técnicos de Cardiopneumologia. Pretendeu-se realizar uma reflexão sobre as competências necessárias para o estudo espirométrico, refletidas na formação dos profissionais que a realizam. Pretende-se ainda compreender em que medida as normas sobre a espirometria forçada são concordantes e se apresentam pontos menos claros que possam conduzir a interpretações, e consequentemente também a práticas, divergentes. Constatou-se uma tendência para a existência de alguns cursos de formação de curta duração, ao nível da Europa e dos Estados Unidos da América que pode estar relacionada com a necessidade de alargar a rede de espirometria permitindo que um maior número de indivíduos seja estudado. O escasso número de horas de formação não parece permitir a aquisição das competências necessárias para a realização e interpretação de espirometrias com elevada qualidade. Nas cinco normas analisadas, verificou-se que não existe uma posição consensual em torno de aspetos importantes do exame e identificaram-se: ii) aspetos técnicos que deveriam ser incluídos e ii) pontos que necessitam de ser clarificados.
ABSTRACT - Spirometry is an essential tool for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. It’s an effort depend on a test, so technician knowledge and skills are essential. Around the world, spirometry is performed either by technicians with a higher education program in lung function or by other professionals, especially in primary care and occupational health. The quality of spirometry is a subject of study to many authors. This is reflected in standards that have been published and are used by healthcare staff to guide their choices, their technical procedures, and to evaluate and interpret results. In Portugal, the American Thoracic Society /European Respiratory Society, 2005 guidelines are normally used but some distinct approaches to spirometry are seen between cardiopulmonary technicians. It was aimed to carry out a reflection on the necessary skills for the spirometric study, reflected in the professional training. It was also aimed to understand the extent to which standards agree on each other and if there are unclear guidelines that may lead to poor practices and interpretations. It was found a tendency for spirometry staff qualification through short term training programs; in Europe and the United States, this may be related to the need to increase the number of spirometries performed. Few hours of training do not seem to allow the acquisition of the necessary skills for high-quality spirometry performance and interpretation. On the analysis of five spirometry standards it was found that there isn’t a consensus position on spirometry important aspects and it was identified: ii) technical features that should be included and ii) points to be clarified.
ABSTRACT - Spirometry is an essential tool for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. It’s an effort depend on a test, so technician knowledge and skills are essential. Around the world, spirometry is performed either by technicians with a higher education program in lung function or by other professionals, especially in primary care and occupational health. The quality of spirometry is a subject of study to many authors. This is reflected in standards that have been published and are used by healthcare staff to guide their choices, their technical procedures, and to evaluate and interpret results. In Portugal, the American Thoracic Society /European Respiratory Society, 2005 guidelines are normally used but some distinct approaches to spirometry are seen between cardiopulmonary technicians. It was aimed to carry out a reflection on the necessary skills for the spirometric study, reflected in the professional training. It was also aimed to understand the extent to which standards agree on each other and if there are unclear guidelines that may lead to poor practices and interpretations. It was found a tendency for spirometry staff qualification through short term training programs; in Europe and the United States, this may be related to the need to increase the number of spirometries performed. Few hours of training do not seem to allow the acquisition of the necessary skills for high-quality spirometry performance and interpretation. On the analysis of five spirometry standards it was found that there isn’t a consensus position on spirometry important aspects and it was identified: ii) technical features that should be included and ii) points to be clarified.
Description
Keywords
Espirometria Certificação Formação Controlo da qualidade Normas Orientações Spirometry Certification Training Quality control Standards Guidelines
Citation
Dias HB. Fatores condicionantes da qualidade da espirometria: formação e normas [thesis]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2014.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa