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Lesões músculo-esqueléticas associadas à microtomia: revisão sistemática
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Abstract(s)
As lesões músculo-esqueléticas (LME) são uma das principais causas de incapacidade, prejudicando significativamente a vida profissional dos indivíduos afetados. Estas resultam de diversos fatores, como posturas inadequadas, movimentos repetitivos e trabalho estático, sendo comuns em tarefas como a microtomia. Os Técnicos de Anatomia Patológica que efetuam microtomia apresentam queixas recorrentes relacionadas com LME, no entanto, apesar da sua prevalência, as LME continuam a ser negligenciadas, não estando diretamente referidas na Lista de Doenças Profissionais para trabalhos laboratoriais. A presente revisão sistemática tem como objetivo sintetizar a literatura existente sobre LMEs associadas à utilização do micrótomo. A metodologia adotada seguiu as diretrizes PRISMA, tendo sido incluídos quatro artigos resultantes de uma pesquisa realizada entre março e maio de 2025, nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionados e incluídos na revisão sistemática 4 estudos primários. Os resultados evidenciam uma associação entre a prevalência de LME e a microtomia; os estudos incluídos apontam prevalências globais superiores a 50%. Os principais fatores de risco identificados incluem posturas inadequadas, movimentos repetitivos e trabalho manual minucioso e prolongado. As LMEs mais frequentemente referidas incluem lesões na coluna cervical, região dorso-lombar, cintura escapular, cotovelos e punho, incluindo síndroma do canal cárpico. Esta revisão confirma o impacto significativo da microtomia na saúde musculoesquelética dos Técnicos de Anatomia Patológica. No futuro, recomenda-se o desenvolvimento de estudos longitudinais que possam garantir uma relação causa-efeito e não apenas uma associação entre a utilização do micrótomo e o aparecimento de LME.
ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the leading causes of disability, significantly impairing the professional lives of affected individuals. These conditions result from various factors such as poor posture, repetitive movements, and static work, and are common in tasks such as microtomy. Anatomical pathology technicians who perform microtomy frequently report complaints related to MSDs. However, despite their prevalence, these disorders remain neglected and are not directly referenced in the official List of Occupational Diseases for laboratory work. This systematic review aims to synthesize the existing literature on MSDs associated with the use of microtomes. The methodology followed the PRISMA guidelines, and four articles were included, resulting from a search conducted between March and May 2025 in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of four primary studies were selected and included in the systematic review. The results reveal an association between the prevalence of MSDs and microtomy. The included studies indicate global prevalence rates exceeding 50%. The main risk factors identified include poor posture, repetitive movements, and prolonged fine manual work. The most frequently reported MSDs involve the cervical spine, thoracolumbar region, shoulder girdle, elbows, and wrists, including Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. This review confirms the significant impact of microtomy on the musculoskeletal health of anatomical pathology technicians. Future studies should focus on developing longitudinal research designs to establish a cause–and–effect relationship rather than merely an association between microtome use and the occurrence of MSDs.
ABSTRACT Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the leading causes of disability, significantly impairing the professional lives of affected individuals. These conditions result from various factors such as poor posture, repetitive movements, and static work, and are common in tasks such as microtomy. Anatomical pathology technicians who perform microtomy frequently report complaints related to MSDs. However, despite their prevalence, these disorders remain neglected and are not directly referenced in the official List of Occupational Diseases for laboratory work. This systematic review aims to synthesize the existing literature on MSDs associated with the use of microtomes. The methodology followed the PRISMA guidelines, and four articles were included, resulting from a search conducted between March and May 2025 in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of four primary studies were selected and included in the systematic review. The results reveal an association between the prevalence of MSDs and microtomy. The included studies indicate global prevalence rates exceeding 50%. The main risk factors identified include poor posture, repetitive movements, and prolonged fine manual work. The most frequently reported MSDs involve the cervical spine, thoracolumbar region, shoulder girdle, elbows, and wrists, including Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. This review confirms the significant impact of microtomy on the musculoskeletal health of anatomical pathology technicians. Future studies should focus on developing longitudinal research designs to establish a cause–and–effect relationship rather than merely an association between microtome use and the occurrence of MSDs.
Description
Keywords
Lesão músculoesquelética Micrótomo Microtomia Técnico de anatomia patológica Ergonomia Musculoskeletal disorders Microtome Microtomy Anatomical pathology technician Ergonomics MTCL
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Maduro AC. Lesões músculo-esqueléticas associadas à microtomia: revisão sistemática [dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2025.