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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório surge no âmbito da Prática Profissional Supervisionada II, realizada numa sala de Jardim de Infância, com um grupo de crianças de 3 anos durante, aproximadamente, 4 meses. Tem como objetivo principal relatar o processo vivenciado, bem como explorar e aprofundar uma temática investigativa. Dá ainda conta de uma reflexão aprofundada acerca dos percursos realizados nos contextos de Creche e de Jardim de Infância e dos contributos dos mesmos para a construção da minha profissionalidade docente.
No âmbito da prática, pude observar, no primeiro contacto com o grupo, que existiam algumas interações com alguma complexidade. Com efeito, tratava-se de um grupo de crianças que estava a frequentar pela primeira vez o contexto de Jardim de Infância e, por esse facto, estava a passar por um processo de adaptação à nova resposta educativa. Tendo em conta estas variáveis, considerei pertinente realizar um estudo focado nas interações entre pares, procurando identificar e compreender os fatores que motivavam as interações entre pares, compreender a organização do grupo em termos sociais e as situações/ fatores que influenciavam essa organização. Procurei ainda perceber que relação existia entre as representações das crianças e as interações e relações estabelecidas com os pares.
Considerando os objetivos traçados, optou-se pela metodologia de estudo de caso. Ainda que inscrita numa abordagem de natureza qualitativa ou interpretativa, a investigação passou pela combinação de diferentes técnicas de recolha e análise de informação e pela combinação de dados qualitativos e quantitativos. Para uma maior precisão e credibilidade do estudo, recorreu-se, na fase de análise, a processos de triangulação de dados.
A recolha de dados foi realizada através de observação direta, participante e naturalista, tendo-se recorrido ainda à sociometria através da aplicação de testes sociométricos.
A análise dos dados resultantes da observação direta foi feita a partir da análise de conteúdo e a análise dos dados referentes à sociometria foi feita a partir de matrizes sociométricas e de sociogramas coletivos e individuais.
Os resultados do estudo apontam para o facto de as crianças se procurarem principalmente para brincar e conversar, resultando dessas interações alguns conflitos; existirem diferenças de género nas interações entre pares; não existirem, neste grupo de crianças de 3 anos, subgrupos muito formados nem crianças rejeitadas; não existir uma relação entre o percurso institucional e o nível de integração no grupo, nem entre as preferências das crianças e as interações observadas.
ABSTRACT This report is part of the Professional Supervisory Practice II, carried out in a kindergarten room, with a group of 3 years old children, during approximately 4 months. Its main objective is to report the lived process as well as to explore and deepen a research topic. It also provides an in-depth reflection on the contexts of a nursery and kindergarten, and the contributions of them to my professional teaching career. In the context of the practice, I was able to observe, in the first contact with the group, that there were some interactions with some complexity. In fact, it was a group of children who were absent for the first time in the context of the kindergarten and, therefore, were undergoing a process of adaptation to the new educational response. Considering the variables, it is pertinent to carry out a study focused on the interactions between peers, trying to identify and understand the factors that motivate the interactions between peers, to understand the organization of the group of social terms and the situations / factors that influenced that organization. I also tried to see this relation between the representations of the children and the interactions and the relations between the pairs. Considering the objectives outlined, I chose the case study methodology. Although included in a qualitative or interpretive approach, the research has been combining different techniques for collecting and analyzing information and combining qualitative and quantitative data. For a greater precision and credibility of the study, a process of triangulation of data was used in an analysis phase. Data collection was performed through direct observation, participant and naturalist, having also turned to sociometry through the application of sociometric tests. The analysis of the data resulting from the direct observation was made from the analysis of content, and the analysis of the data referring to sociometry was made from sociometric matrices and from collective and individual sociograms. The results of the study, point to the fact that the children seek mainly to play and to talk, resulting from these interactions some conflicts; there are gender differences in peer interactions; there are no well-formed subgroups or rejected children in this group of 3 years old; there is no relationship between the institutional course and the level of integration in the group, neither between the children's preferences and the interactions observed.
ABSTRACT This report is part of the Professional Supervisory Practice II, carried out in a kindergarten room, with a group of 3 years old children, during approximately 4 months. Its main objective is to report the lived process as well as to explore and deepen a research topic. It also provides an in-depth reflection on the contexts of a nursery and kindergarten, and the contributions of them to my professional teaching career. In the context of the practice, I was able to observe, in the first contact with the group, that there were some interactions with some complexity. In fact, it was a group of children who were absent for the first time in the context of the kindergarten and, therefore, were undergoing a process of adaptation to the new educational response. Considering the variables, it is pertinent to carry out a study focused on the interactions between peers, trying to identify and understand the factors that motivate the interactions between peers, to understand the organization of the group of social terms and the situations / factors that influenced that organization. I also tried to see this relation between the representations of the children and the interactions and the relations between the pairs. Considering the objectives outlined, I chose the case study methodology. Although included in a qualitative or interpretive approach, the research has been combining different techniques for collecting and analyzing information and combining qualitative and quantitative data. For a greater precision and credibility of the study, a process of triangulation of data was used in an analysis phase. Data collection was performed through direct observation, participant and naturalist, having also turned to sociometry through the application of sociometric tests. The analysis of the data resulting from the direct observation was made from the analysis of content, and the analysis of the data referring to sociometry was made from sociometric matrices and from collective and individual sociograms. The results of the study, point to the fact that the children seek mainly to play and to talk, resulting from these interactions some conflicts; there are gender differences in peer interactions; there are no well-formed subgroups or rejected children in this group of 3 years old; there is no relationship between the institutional course and the level of integration in the group, neither between the children's preferences and the interactions observed.
Description
Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-escolar
Keywords
Interação entre pares Organização social Aceitação Rejeição Peer interaction Social organization Acceptance Rejection
Citation
Ferreira, A. C. F. (2019). Interações entre pares em Jardim de Infância: Um estudo num grupo de 3 anos (Dissertação de mestrado não publicada). Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Educação, Lisboa Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/10276