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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este relatório desenvolve-se no âmbito da unidade curricular de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada II, do 2.º ano do Mestrado em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB) e de Matemática e Ciências Naturais no 2.º CEB. Este inclui a descrição, análise e reflexão sobre as experiências de estágio em 1.º e 2.º CEB, bem como uma investigação, desenvolvida durante a prática pedagógica em 1.º CEB.
No que respeita à investigação, o presente relatório foca-se na aprendizagem de números racionais representados na forma de fração através da exploração de materiais manipuláveis. Este estudo foi realizado numa turma mista de 3.º e 4.º anos do 1.º CEB de uma escola pública e participaram os 9 alunos do 3.º ano.
O seu objetivo é compreender o contributo dos materiais manipuláveis na aprendizagem de números racionais representados na forma de fração.
Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se de um trabalho de natureza qualitativa e que segue a metodologia de uma investigação-ação.
Os dados foram recolhidos em três momentos: inicialmente a partir de um teste diagnóstico individual, incidente em frações equivalentes, ordenação e comparação de frações e representação da fração em reta numérica; posteriormente a partir de 5 tarefas de carácter exploratório resolvidas em pequenos grupos, utilizando materiais manipuláveis (Cuisenaire, discos de frações e um jogo), em que se deu primazia à comunicação matemática através da discussão dos resultados; e finalmente com a repetição do teste diagnóstico inicial. A recolha de dados foi feita a partir de notas de campo, entrevistas, conversas informais e as tarefas e testes resolvidos pelos alunos.
Relativamente aos resultados da investigação obtidos, no final da implementação do estudo, verificou-se que os alunos manifestavam menos dificuldades na compreensão do sentido de fração. A manipulação dos materiais contribuiu de forma positiva para alcançar os objetivos de aprendizagem, tanto a nível de atitudes como a motivação, o interesse e espírito colaborativo, como de cognição, principalmente no desenvolvimento do sentido de número representado sob a forma de fração.
ABSTRACT This report was developed as part of the course of Supervised Teaching Practice II of the 2nd year of the MA in Teaching of 1st Cycle of Basic Education and Mathematics and Natural Sciences of 2nd Cycle of Basic Education. It includes a description, analysis and reflection regarding the internship experiences in the 1st and 2nd Basic Education Cycle, as well as a research, developed during the pedagogical practice in the 1st Cycle. Regarding the research, the report focuses on the study of the learning of rational numbers represented in fraction through the exploration of manipulative materials. This study was implemented in a mixed class of 3rd, and 4th grade of the 1st CBE in a public school and 9 students of the 3rd grade participated. Its objective is to understand the contribution of manipulative materials in the learning of rational numbers represented in fraction. The research used a qualitative approach and follows an action-research methodology. The data was collected in three steps: initially from a diagnostic test, focusing on equivalent fractions, ordering and comparison of fractions and representation of the fraction in the numerical line; afterwards, from 5 exploratory tasks solved in small groups, using manipulative materials (Cuisenaire, disk of fractions and a game), in which mathematical communication was given priority through discussion of the results; and ultimately with the repetition of the initial diagnostic test. Data was collected from field notes, interviews, informal conversations and students’ productions from tasks and tests. Regarding the results, at the end of the study the students presented fewer difficulties that in the beginning. The use of manipulative materials undoubtedly contributed to achieving the learning objectives, both concerning attitudes, such as motivation, interest and collaborative spirit, as well as cognition, especially in the developing of number sense represented in the form of a fraction.
ABSTRACT This report was developed as part of the course of Supervised Teaching Practice II of the 2nd year of the MA in Teaching of 1st Cycle of Basic Education and Mathematics and Natural Sciences of 2nd Cycle of Basic Education. It includes a description, analysis and reflection regarding the internship experiences in the 1st and 2nd Basic Education Cycle, as well as a research, developed during the pedagogical practice in the 1st Cycle. Regarding the research, the report focuses on the study of the learning of rational numbers represented in fraction through the exploration of manipulative materials. This study was implemented in a mixed class of 3rd, and 4th grade of the 1st CBE in a public school and 9 students of the 3rd grade participated. Its objective is to understand the contribution of manipulative materials in the learning of rational numbers represented in fraction. The research used a qualitative approach and follows an action-research methodology. The data was collected in three steps: initially from a diagnostic test, focusing on equivalent fractions, ordering and comparison of fractions and representation of the fraction in the numerical line; afterwards, from 5 exploratory tasks solved in small groups, using manipulative materials (Cuisenaire, disk of fractions and a game), in which mathematical communication was given priority through discussion of the results; and ultimately with the repetition of the initial diagnostic test. Data was collected from field notes, interviews, informal conversations and students’ productions from tasks and tests. Regarding the results, at the end of the study the students presented fewer difficulties that in the beginning. The use of manipulative materials undoubtedly contributed to achieving the learning objectives, both concerning attitudes, such as motivation, interest and collaborative spirit, as well as cognition, especially in the developing of number sense represented in the form of a fraction.
Description
Relatório de Estágio realizado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada II e apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e de Matemática e Ciências Naturais do 2º ciclo de Ensino Básico
Keywords
Materiais manipuláveis Números racionais Fração Manipulative materials Rational numbers Fraction
Citation
Heitor, B. P. (2018). A utilização de materiais manipuláveis na aprendizagem de números racionais representados na forma de fração (Dissertação de mestrado não publicada). Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Educação, Lisboa Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/9592