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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O ano de 2020 foi marcado pela disseminação pandémica de um novo coronavírus, denominado por SARS-CoV-2, causador da doença CoViD-19, potencialmente grave nos idosos, observando-se nestes elevadas taxas de mortalidade e morbilidade. O foco atual da investigação é a caraterização das sequelas pós-covid, no entanto, um elevado grau de desconhecimento coloca-se a nível do impacto funcional que esta doença provoca nos idosos. Objetivo: Identificar as principais consequências/sequelas na capacidade respiratória funcional em idosos após CoViD-19. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado na comunidade. Avaliou-se a capacidade aeróbia funcional (teste 2min step), dispneia (modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire), força muscular periférica e dos músculos respiratórios (força preensão, pressão inspiratória e expiratória máxima – PIM e PEM) e o Índice de Fragilidade (Escala Clínica de Fragilidade) em 25 indivíduos com idade ≥65 anos residentes na comunidade que tenham tido diagnóstico de CoViD-19 há menos de 6 meses, e em igual número de idosos com as mesmas características sem diagnóstico conhecido de CoViD-19. Resultados: Os idosos com diagnóstico de CoViD-19 há menos de 6 meses, apresentaram diminuição dos valores de PIM (p=0.001) e PEM (p=0.015), na capacidade aeróbia (p<0.001) com presença de dessaturação significativa (p<0.001) durante o exercício e aumento dos valores de perceção de dispneia (p=0.001) e de Índice de Fragilidade (p=0.026). Conclusão: Encontraram-se alterações significativas na capacidade funcional respiratória em idosos com diagnóstico de CoViD-19 há menos de 6 meses, quando comparados com idosos sem diagnóstico de CoViD-19. As sequelas verificadas neste estudo podem indicar um impacto muito significativo na funcionalidade, institucionalização e na mortalidade nos idosos.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: The year 2020 was marked by the pandemic spread of a new coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2, which causes the disease CoViD-19, potentially severe in the elderly, with high mortality and morbidity rates. The current focus of research is the characterization of post-covid sequelae, however, the functional impact that this disease causes in the elderly is still unknown. Objective: To identify the main consequences/sequelae on functional respiratory capacity in elderly people after CoViD-19. Methodology: Cross-sectional study carried out in the community. Functional aerobic capacity (2min step test), dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire), peripheral and respiratory muscle strength (grip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure – MIP and MEP), and the Frailty Index (Clinical Frailty Scale) were assessed in 25 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years who had been diagnosed with CoViD-19 for less than 6 months, and in an equal number of elderly individuals with the same characteristics without a known diagnosis of CoViD-19. Results: The elderly with a diagnosis of CoViD-19 for less than 6 months, presented a decrease in the values of PIM (p=0.001) and PEM (p=0.015), in aerobic capacity (p<0.001) with the presence of significant desaturation (p <0.001) during exercise and increased dyspnea perception (p=0.001) and Frailty Index (p=0.026) values. Conclusion: Significant changes were found in the functional respiratory capacity in elderly patients diagnosed with CoViD-19 for less than 6 months when compared with elderly individuals without a diagnosis of CoViD-19. The sequelae found in this study may indicate a significant impact on functionality, institutionalization, and mortality in the elderly.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: The year 2020 was marked by the pandemic spread of a new coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2, which causes the disease CoViD-19, potentially severe in the elderly, with high mortality and morbidity rates. The current focus of research is the characterization of post-covid sequelae, however, the functional impact that this disease causes in the elderly is still unknown. Objective: To identify the main consequences/sequelae on functional respiratory capacity in elderly people after CoViD-19. Methodology: Cross-sectional study carried out in the community. Functional aerobic capacity (2min step test), dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire), peripheral and respiratory muscle strength (grip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure – MIP and MEP), and the Frailty Index (Clinical Frailty Scale) were assessed in 25 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years who had been diagnosed with CoViD-19 for less than 6 months, and in an equal number of elderly individuals with the same characteristics without a known diagnosis of CoViD-19. Results: The elderly with a diagnosis of CoViD-19 for less than 6 months, presented a decrease in the values of PIM (p=0.001) and PEM (p=0.015), in aerobic capacity (p<0.001) with the presence of significant desaturation (p <0.001) during exercise and increased dyspnea perception (p=0.001) and Frailty Index (p=0.026) values. Conclusion: Significant changes were found in the functional respiratory capacity in elderly patients diagnosed with CoViD-19 for less than 6 months when compared with elderly individuals without a diagnosis of CoViD-19. The sequelae found in this study may indicate a significant impact on functionality, institutionalization, and mortality in the elderly.
Description
Mestrado em Fisioterapia. - Área de especialização: Envelhecimento Ativo
Keywords
COVID-19 Idoso Capacidade respiratória funcional Pressão respiratória máxima Força de preensão Fisioterapia Elderly Functional respiratory capacity Maximal respiratory pressure Grip strength Physiotherapy
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Pereira FA. Capacidade funcional e respiratória em idosos sobreviventes a hospitalização por COVID-19 [dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2021.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa