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- Trinuclear Cu-II structural isomers coordination, magnetism, electrochemistry and catalytic activity towards the oxidation of alkanesPublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Martins, Luisa; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Mahmudov, Kamran; Liu, Cai-Ming; Pombeiro, ArmandoThe reaction of the Schiff base (3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H3L) with copper(II) nitrate, acetate or metaborate has led to the isomeric complexes [Cu-3(L)(2)(MeOH)(4)] (1), [Cu-3(L)(2)(MeOH)(2)]2MeOH (2) and [Cu-3(L)(2)(MeOH)(4)] (3), respectively, in which the ligand L exhibits dianionic (HL2-, in 1) or trianionic (L3-, in 2 and 3) pentadentate 1O,O,N:2N,O chelation modes. Complexes 1-3 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, electrochemical methods and variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements, which indicated that the intratrimer antiferromagnetic coupling is strong in the three complexes and that there exists very weak ferromagnetic intermolecular interactions in 1 but weak antiferromagnetic intermolecular interactions in both 2 and 3. Electrochemical experiments showed that in complexes 1-3 the Cu-II ions can be reduced, in distinct steps, to Cu-I and Cu-0. All the complexes act as efficient catalyst precursors under mild conditions for the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, leading to overall yields (based on the alkane) of up to 31% (TON = 1.55x10(3)) after 6 h in the presence of pyrazinecarboxylic acid.
- Dinuclear Mn (II,II) complexes: magnetic properties and microwave assisted oxidation of alcoholsPublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Martins, Luisa; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Alegria, Elisabete; Liu, Cai-Ming; Pombeiro, ArmandoA series of six new mixed-ligand dinuclear Mn(II, II) complexes of three different hydrazone Schiff bases (H3L1, H3L2 and H3L3), derived from condensation of the aromatic acid hydrazides benzohydrazide, 2-aminobenzohydrazide or 2-hydroxybenzohydrazide, with 2,3-dihydroxy benzaldehyde, respectively, is reported. Reactions of Mn(NO3)(2) center dot 4H(2)O with the H3L1-3 compounds, in the presence of pyridine (1 : 1 : 1 mole ratio), in methanol at room temperature, yield [Mn(H2L1)(py)(H2O)](2)(NO3)(2) center dot 2H(2)O (1 center dot 2H(2)O), [Mn(H2L2)(py)(CH3OH)](2)(NO3)(2) center dot 4H(2)O (2 center dot 4H(2)O) and [Mn(H2L3)(py)(H2O)](2)(NO3)(2) (3) respectively, whereas the use of excess pyridine yields complexes with two axially coordinated pyridine molecules at each Mn(II) centre, viz. [Mn(H2L1)(py)(2)] 2(NO3)(2) center dot H2O (4 center dot H2O), [Mn(H2L2)(py) H-O (6 center dot 2CH(3)OH), respectively. In all the complexes, the (H2L1-3)-ligand coordinates in the keto form. Complexes 1 center dot 2H(2)O, 2 center dot 4H(2)O, 4 center dot H2O, 5 center dot 2H(2)O and 6 center dot 2CH(3)OH are characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complexes 1, 2 and 6, having different coordination environments, have been selected for variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements to examine the nature of magnetic interaction between magnetically coupled Mn(II) centres and also for exploration of the catalytic activity towards microwave assisted oxidation of alcohols. A yield of 81% (acetophenone) is obtained using a maximum of 0.4% molar ratio of catalyst relative to the substrate in the presence of TEMPO and in aqueous basic solution, under mild conditions.
- Trinuclear CuII Structural isomers: coordination, magnetism, electrochemistry and catalytic activity towards the oxidation of alkanesPublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Martins, Luisa; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Mahmudov, Kamran; Liu, Cai-Ming; Pombeiro, ArmandoThe reaction of the Schiff base (3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H3L) with copper(II) nitrate, acetate or metaborate has led to the isomeric complexes [Cu3(L)2(MeOH)4] (1), [Cu3(L)2(MeOH)2]·2MeOH (2) and [Cu3(L)2(MeOH)4] (3), respectively, in which the ligand L exhibits dianionic (HL2–, in 1) or trianionic (L3–, in 2 and 3) pentadentate 1κO,O′,N:2κN′,O″ chelation modes. Complexes 1–3 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, electrochemical methods and variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements, which indicated that the intratrimer antiferromagnetic coupling is strong in the three complexes and that there exists very weak ferromagnetic intermolecular interactions in 1 but weak antiferromagnetic intermolecular interactions in both 2 and 3. Electrochemical experiments showed that in complexes 1–3 the CuII ions can be reduced, in distinct steps, to CuI and Cu0. All the complexes act as efficient catalyst precursors under mild conditions for the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, leading to overall yields (based on the alkane) of up to 31 % (TON = 1.55 × 103) after 6 h in the presence of pyrazinecarboxylic acid.
- Peroxidative oxidation of alkanes and alcohols under mild conditions by Di- and tetranuclear copper (II) complexes of Bis (2-Hydroxybenzylidene) isophthalohydrazidePublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Alegria, Elisabete; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Liu, Cai-Ming; Pombeiro, ArmandoBis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)isophthalohydrazide (H4L) has been used to synthesize the dinuclear [Cu2(1_NO2:2_N0O02-H2L)(NO3)2(H2O)2] (1) and the tetranuclear [Cu4(_-1_NO2:2_N0O2-H2L)2(_-NO3)2(H2O)4]_2C2H5OH (2) complexes. The solvent plays an important role in determining the ligand behaviour in the syntheses of the complexes. An ethanol-acetonitrile mixture of solventes favours partials enolization in the case of 2. Both complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared radiation (IR), single crystal X-ray crystallography and electrochemical methods. The variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements of 2 show strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the central nitrato-bridged Cu (II) ions. The catalytic activity of both 1 and 2 has been screened toward the solvent-free microwave-assisted oxidation of alcohols and the peroxidative oxidation of alkanes under mild conditions. Complex 1 exhibits the highest activity for both oxidation reactions, leading selectively to a maximum product yield of 99% (for the 1-phenylethanol oxidation after 1 h without any additive) and 13% (for the cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone after 3 h).
- Trinuclear CuII Structural Isomers: Coordination, Magnetism, Electrochemistry and Catalytic Activity towards the Oxidation of AlkanesPublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Martins, Luisa; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Mahmudov, Kamran; Liu, Cai-Ming; Pombeiro, ArmandoThe reaction of the Schiff base (3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H3L) with copper(II) nitrate, acetate or metaborate has led to the isomeric complexes [Cu3(L)2(MeOH)4] (1), [Cu3(L)2(MeOH)2]·2MeOH (2) and [Cu3(L)2(MeOH)4] (3), respectively, in which the ligand L exhibits dianionic (HL2–, in 1) or trianionic (L3–, in 2 and 3) pentadentate 1κO,O′,N:2κN′,O″ chelation modes. Complexes 1–3 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, electrochemical methods and variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements, which indicated that the intratrimer antiferromagnetic coupling is strong in the three complexes and that there exists very weak ferromagnetic intermolecular interactions in 1 but weak antiferromagnetic intermolecular interactions in both 2 and 3. Electrochemical experiments showed that in complexes 1–3 the CuII ions can be reduced, in distinct steps, to CuI and Cu0. All the complexes act as efficient catalyst precursors under mild conditions for the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, leading to overall yields (based on the alkane) of up to 31 % (TON = 1.55 × 103) after 6 h in the presence of pyrazinecarboxylic acid.
- Cu(II) complexes of N-rich aroylhydrazone: magnetism and catalytic activity towards microwave-assisted oxidation of xylenesPublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Roy Barman, Tannistha; Alegria, Elisabete; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Liu, Cai-Ming; Kou, Hui-Zhong; Pombeiro, ArmandoThe new aroylhydrazone N'-(di(pyridin-2-yl) methylene) pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide (HL) species, rich in N-donor sites, has been used to synthesize Cu(II) compounds with different nuclearities, viz. the binuclear [Cu2(mu-1.N3,2.N2O-L)(Cl) 3(MeOH)] (1), the octanuclear [Cu4(mu-1.N3,2.N2O-L) 2(mu-Cl) 3(Cl) 3] 2 (2) and the 1D coordination polymer [Cu3(mu 3-1.N3,2.N2O, 3.N-L)(mu-NO3)(NO3) 3(H2O) 3] n center dot nNO3 (3). They have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The magnetic properties of 2 and 3 have been explored using variable temperature magnetic measurements. The catalytic performances of the compounds were evaluated towards the peroxidative oxidation of o-, p-and m-xylenes under microwave irradiation, leading to the formation of the corresponding methyl benzyl alcohol, tolualdehyde and toluic acid as the major products. Complex 3 exhibits the best catalytic activity towards the oxidation of p-xylene with a total yield of 37% (4-methylbenzyl alcohol + p-tolualdehyde + p-toluic acid).
- 1D Copper(II)-aroylhydrazone coordination polymers: magnetic properties and microwave assisted oxidation of a secondary alcoholPublication . Sutradhar, Manas; Alegria, Elisabete; Roy Barman, Tannistha; Guedes Da Silva, M. Fátima C.; Liu, Cai-Ming; Pombeiro, ArmandoThe 1D Cu(II) coordination polymers [Cu-3(L-1)(NO3)(4)(H2O)(2)](n) (1) and [Cu-2(H2L2)(NO3)(H2O)(2)](n)(NO3)(n) (2) have been synthesized using the aroylhyrazone Schiff bases N'(1),N'(2)-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)oxalohydrazide (H2L1) and N'(1),N'(3)-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)malonohydrazide (H4L2), respectively. They have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), single crystal X-ray diffraction and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements (for 2). The ligand (L-1)(2-) coordinates in the iminol form in 1, whereas the amide coordination is observed for (H2L2)(2-) in 2. Either the ligand bridge or the nitrate bridge in 2 mediates weak antiferromagnetic coupling. The catalytic performance of 1 and 2 has been investigated toward the solvent-free microwave-assisted oxidation of a secondary alcohol (1-phenylethanol used as model substrate). At 120 degrees C and in the presence of the nitroxyl radical 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperydil-1-oxyl (TEMPO), the complete conversion of 1-phenylethanol into acetophenone occurs with TOFs up to 1,200 h(-1).