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- Personality traits and organizational performance of Portuguese higher education institutionsPublication . Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Antunes, Marina Godinho; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Texeira Quirós, JoaquínThis research aims to study the role that managers’ personality traits have in the decision-making proccess and their relationship on the performance outcomes of Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs), through a literature review that supports the presentation of a research model proposed by the authors. Nowadays, organizations in general and their managers are increasingly pressured to achieve certain goals and levels of performance to ensure the financial sustainability of their institutions and to remain competitive in the markets. Sometimes these goals are somewhat ambitious and difficult to achieve, which means that decision-makers must have certain personality traits to show resistance and resilience in dealing with obstacles and strengthen their capacity to solve problems in the adversities that arise in the day to day business. This research proposal assumes that the personality traits of managers, namely extroversion, pleasantness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness to experience, will have a relevant impact on decision making, which will be reflected in organizational performance. The literature on personality traits is broad, focusing particularly on the analysis of the relationships between the characteristics of managers and their attitudes and behaviors in a professional context. In methodological terms, a qualitative study is expected to be carried out, using uantitative techniques. The data related to personality traits and leadership styles will be obtained through the application of a questionnaire prepared by the authors, in order to assess the different dimensions of the proposed conceptual model. Regarding the organizational performance indicators of HEIs, these will be obtained using a database of a research project developed by the authors. The sample will be for convenience, composed of elements of the executive boards of Portuguese universities and polytechnic institutes, from the public and private sector. In the treatment of quantitative data, the use of the structural equations model (SEM) is considered, to investigate the possible relationships between the different dimensions incorporated in the model.
- The relevance of financial and non-financial indicators to assess quality and performance of Higher Education Institutions (HEI)Publication . Antunes, Marina Godinho; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Texeira Quirós, JoaquínIn today's era of globalization, higher education institutions (HEIs) face constant challenges. More and more competitive environments are emerging in the various markets and one of the main objectives that has assumed relevance in the scope of their activities is the creation of value for the institutions and their financial sustainability. HEIs performance has been changed significantly, once these educational institutions are now forced to look for new sources of funding, assuming more and more the characteristics of a competitive market. In this way, HEIs that want to assert themselves in the markets should focus on strategic objectives that ensure financial sustainability like any other organizations in other sectors. For this purpose, it will be necessary to know their business processes very well, adopting a management approach that allows them to evaluate their quality and performance, both in national and international markets. The institutions seek to improve their competitiveness by implementing management strategies oriented towards quality and financial sustainability, using performance measurement systems that include a wide variety of financial and non-financial measures [1]. The advantages of non-financial performance measures have been cited in the literature [2-4], highlighting that these measures focus particularly on a long-term perspective, leading to better organizational performance. These measures enable managers to better understand the relationships between the various strategic objectives, facilitate communication between employees' actions and defined goals, and assist in the allocation of resources and the definition of priorities, considering those strategic objectives. In this context, it is extremely important to identify performance indicators, both financial and non-financial, which allow the evaluation of HEIs in terms of quality and performance. Measuring the performance of organizational goals is a key issue in the management of HEIs because without these measurement systems, organizations will not be able to efficiently and effectively deal with the uncertainty related to the contexts in which they are inserted [5]. Following this evidence, this communication proposes a research model defined in two distinct stages. In the first stage, it is intended to define the financial and non-financial indicators considered most relevant in the evaluation of the quality and performance of HEIs. Consequently, this research proposal intends to develop a model of analysis of cause and effect relationship between these indicators and the referred dimensions. Regarding the methodology, the data will be obtained through the application of a questionnaire to evaluate the different dimensions of the proposed conceptual model. The sample will consist of about 200 emails from members of the management boards of Portuguese universities and polytechnics. In the treatment of quantitative data, a model of structural equations (SEM) will be used, to investigate the possible relations between the different dimensions incorporated in the model. In terms of discussion of results, it is intended to characterize the relevance of financial and non-financial indicators, seeking to understand their role and possible relations with the quality and performance of these institutions.
- Total Quality Management Implementation in Portuguese Higher Education InstitutionsPublication . Antunes, Marina Godinho; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Texeira Quirós, JoaquínThis research aims to study the role that the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) may have on organizational performance of Portuguese university and polytechnic higher education institutions, through a literature review that supports the presentation of a conceptual model proposed by the authors. This research is justified by the observation of a reality still relatively little studied at the level of higher education institutions, not only in Portugal but also in other countries, particularly about the perspective of their financial sustainability, in line with the growing relevance that quality has come to assume in these institutions. Regarding the methodology, a study of a qualitative nature is contemplated, although using quantitative techniques, being the data obtained through the application of a questionnaire elaborated by the authors to evaluate the different dimensions of the proposed conceptual model. In the treatment of quantitative data, a model of structural equations (SEM) will be used, to investigate the possible relations between the different dimensions incorporated in the model.
- Total quality management and quality certification on services corporationsPublication . Antunes, Marina Godinho; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Teixera-Quirós, JoaquínThis research aims to analyze the relationship and the effects of the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices on quality certification in services corporations and to analyze the impact of TQM and quality certification (ISO 9000) on organizational performance. A model of structural equations was used to evaluate the relationship between the different dimensions. With the aim to measure the correlation between the continuous variables and the dichotomous variable ISO 9000, the Eta coefficient was used. The results showed that TQM practices in Portuguese service companies provide an improvement in their operational and market performance, however, TQM does not show an improvement in financial performance. Regarding ISO certification, the results indicate that certified companies do not show an improvement in their performance, whether financial, operational, or market. Also, our research confirms that the implementation of TQM practices provides the conditions for quality certification.
- The relationship between innovation and total quality management and the innovation effects on organizational performancePublication . Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Antunes, Marina Godinho; Texeira Quirós, JoaquínPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between innovation and total quality management (TQM), and also to identify the effects of innovation on organizational performance. This research proposes a conceptual model that intends to study several research hypotheses. Design/methodology/approach: The data were obtained through an online questionnaire, sent to small- and medium-sized Portuguese companies, having being conducted the study based on responses received from 287 valid questionnaires, and using a multivariate statistical analysis for statistical development. Findings:The findings indicate that companies that adopt strategies of process innovation get improvements in their performance, both operationally and financially, while product innovation only provides improvements in the financial performance of organizations. It was also found that TQM practices encourage the definition of innovation strategies of products and processes. On the other hand, it was found that only companies that adopt innovation strategies of their processes promote the adoption of TQM practices, and there is a statistically significant relationship between product innovation and the implementation of TQM practices. Originality/value: This research analyzed the dimensions studied in different aspects. It considered product innovation and process innovation, and with respect to performance, this dimension was analyzed through two different perspectives, namely, financial performance and operational performance. This research also provides a particular contribution to the literature with the analysis of the interdependencies between innovation and TQM in small- and medium-sized Portuguese companies.
- Effects of innovation, total quality management, and internationalization on organizational performance of higher education institutionsPublication . Teixera-Quirós, Joaquin; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Antunes, Marina Godinho; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Nunes, António da TrindadeThe aim of this research is to analyze the effects of innovation strategies, Total Quality Management (TQM) dimensions, and internationalization strategies that Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) might adopt, and their effects on their organizational performance. Due to globalization and the constant changes and demands that have taken place today, HEIs are forced to seek new quality assurance instruments in higher education, to ensure greater competitiveness in the markets and their survival. To examine the association between the independent variables, namely, TQM dimensions, innovation strategies, and internationalization strategies with the dependent variable, that is organizational performance of HEIs, we have chosen to use multiple linear regression analysis. A nine-predictor multiple linear regression model was proposed. The nine predictor variables are Communication, Involvement/teacher empowerment, Development/Teacher training, Continuous improvement, Leadership/Administration’s Commitment, Data analysis/Measurement of results, Focus on students, Innovation Strategies, and Internationalization strategy. We conclude that some TQM variables have a significant association with the organizational performance of HEIs, namely, Involvement/teacher empowerment, and Development/teacher training. On the other hand, also the Innovation strategies and Internationalization strategy have a significant association with the organizational performance of HEIs. This research is of enormous importance for the study of HEIs, considering their role in the development of any country and its impact on society as creators of knowledge and science. Since these institutions increasingly must deal with extremely competitive market environments, knowledge of the factors that can assist in increasing the organizational performance of HEIs is of great relevance.
- Role of Management Control Systems in Quality, Innovation and Organizational Performance in Portugal SMES CompaniesPublication . Antunes, Marina Godinho; Texeira Quirós, Joaquín; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria do RosárioThe purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between management control systems, total quality management (TQM) and innovation, and also the effects of management control systems in the organizational performance. The research was developed based on a conceptual model designed to analyze these dimensions. The data were obtained through an online questionnaire, sent to small and medium-sized Portuguese companies, having been conducted the study based on responses received from 287 valid questionnaires, and using a multivariate statistical analysis for the statistical development. The findings indicate that non-financial indicators provide innovation strategies of products and processes. However, the financial indicators only provide the innovation strategies of processes. It is also verified that only non-financial indicators provide equally the implementation of TQM practices. The results also show that financial indicators only provide an improvement in the financial results of the organization, while the non-financial indicators also improve its operational performance.
- The role of executive compensation in the profitability and corporation's growthPublication . Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Antunes, Marina Godinho; Texeira Quirós, Joaquín; Mucharreira, Pedro RibeiroThe relationship between executive compensation and corporate performance has been studied in the scope of management accounting through the analysis of forms of compensation and their relationships with the items of accounting features. However, there is still few empirical evidence of the effects of executive compensation in the corporation’s performance. In this way, this communication aims to serve as a starting point for a future research based on a review of the relevant literature, using a multiple linear regression model that aims to highlight how the components of compensation might influence the improvement of profitability and growth indicators of organizations.
- Executive compensation and business performance: is there an obvious relationship?Publication . Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Antunes, Marina Godinho; Texeira Quirós, Joaquín; Mucharreira, Pedro RibeiroThe relationship between executive compensation and corporate performance has been studied in the scope of management accounting through the analysis of forms of compensation and their relationships with the items of accounting features. However, there is still few empirical evidence of the effects of executive compensation in the corporation’s performance. In this way, this communication aims to serve as a starting point for a future research based on a review of the relevant literature, using a multiple linear regression model that aims to highlight how the components of compensation might influence the improvement of profitability and growth indicators of organizations.
- The relationship between learning organizations and organizational performance in Portuguese higher education institutions (HEI)Publication . Antunes, Marina Godinho; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Texeira Fernandes Justino, Maria Do Rosário; Texeira Quirós, JoaquínThis research aims to study the role that learning organizations may have on organizational performance in Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs), through a literature review that supports the presentation of a conceptual model proposed by the authors. The survival of HEIs depends on how these institutions accept change, improve their practices and react to competitiveness. Nowadays, the most relevant aspects of education in higher education are translated by learning, dynamic structures, flexibility and quality. Consequently, the higher education system will have to adapt to the continuous changes and new requirements, to achieve the success and the proposed objectives. Thus, to differentiate themselves from their competitors, organizations must develop their resources, promoting the creation of knowledge and the dissemination of information. Learning organizations can be defined as organizations that facilitate the learning of all their elements, assuming themselves as learning entities that have certain characteristics to meet the changing needs of the environment. Currently, HEIs suffer great pressure to create significant learning environments, this is, learning spaces that can fully train their students, based on educational projects that take on and respond to the growing cultural, linguistic, ethnic, and socioeconomic diversity of students, their families and their teachers [1-2]. An educational organization that intends to establish itself as a learning organization will have to consider multiple dimensions, such as the individual behaviour of different educational agents, teamwork and organizational culture, structured and fostered by factors such as trust, time, technology and joint reflection [3]. Learning organizations will be able to follow developments and improvements in the business environment to perform their actions successfully. Thus, one of the key goals of HEIs is to achieve academic excellence among students, and as such, need to transform into learning organizations and subsequently improve the overall performance of the organization. Organizational performance, on the other hand, has proved to be a difficult concept to define and even measure [4]. Among the existing studies about the performance, is possible to state that there isn’t a single criterion for defining the performance, which makes difficult to measure or compare the results. To overcome this ambiguity concerning the performance criterion, in this research will be considered three perspectives of performance, namely, financial, operational, and market performance. Regarding the methodology, the data will be obtained through a questionnaire to evaluate the different dimensions of the proposed conceptual model. The sample will consist of about 200 emails from members of the management boards of Portuguese HEIs. In the treatment of quantitative data, a model of structural equations (SEM) will be used, to investigate the possible relations between the different dimensions incorporated in the model. In terms of discussion of results, it is intended to characterize the relationship between the concept of learning organizations and performance in Portuguese HEI.