Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2001-06"
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- Disruption and phenotypic analysis of six open reading frames from chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals one essential genePublication . Guerreiro, Paulo; Rodrigues-Pousada, ClaudinaSix open reading frames (ORFs) located on chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (YGR205w, YGR210c, YGR211w, YGR241c, YGR243w and YGR244c) were disrupted in two different genetic backgrounds using short-flanking homology (SFH) gene replacement. Sporulation and tetrad analysis showed that YGR211w, recently identified as the yeast ZPR1 gene, is an essential gene. The other five genes are non-essential, and no phenotypes could be associated to their inactivation. Two of these genes have recently been further characterized: YGR241c (YAP1802) encodes a yeast adaptor protein and YGR244c (LSC2) encodes the b-subunit of the succinyl-CoA ligase. For each ORF, a replacement cassette with long flanking regions homologous to the target locus was cloned in pUG7, and the cognate wild-type gene was cloned in pRS416.
- Word learning and text organisation: an intervention casePublication . Sousa, Otília; Dias, AnaIn the present study we focus on the interaction between the acquisition of new words and text organisation. In the acquisition of new words we emphasise the acquisition of paradigmatic relations such as hyponymy, meronymy and semantic sets. We work with a group of girls attending a private school for adolescents in serious difficulties. The subjects are from disadvantaged families. Their writing skills were very poor. When asked to describe a garden, they write a short text of a single paragraph, the lexical items were generic, there were no adjectives, and all of them use mainly existential verbs. The intervention plan assumed that subjects must to be exposed to new words, working out its meaning. In presence of referents subjects were taught new words making explicit the intended relation of the new term to a term already known. In the classroom subjects were asked to write all the words they knew drawing the relationships among them. They talk about the words specifying the relation making explicit pragmatic directions like is a kind of, is a part of or are all x. After that subjects were exposed to the task of choosing perspective. The work presented in this paper accounts for significant differences in the text of the subjects before and after the intervention. While working new words subjects were organising their lexicon and learning to present a whole entity in perspective.
- The influence of polymer molecular weight on the first normal-stress difference and shear-viscosity of LC solutions of hydroxypropylcellulosePublication . Martins, A. F.; Leal, Catarina R.; Godinho, M. H.; Fried, F.first normal-stress difference Ni(+) and the shear viscosity V(?) have been measured for liquid crystalline solutions of HFC in acetic acid (AA) as functions of the shear rate i. and the molecu lar mass of HPC. The measurements were done over four decades in +, for two samples of HPC with M, =6O,OOO and 100,OOO (Klucel E and L, respectively) and solution concentration c = 37% (c > c*). N1(+) is observed to change from positive to negative and again to positive, as the shear rate + increases. The 7 values at which N, changes sign depend on M,. The viscosity q(+) shows a small Newtonian plateau at low shear rates and a strong shear-thinning at higher values of +, includ ing an “hesitation” similar to one previously observed in LC solutions of PBUj [2]. All these obser vations are rationalized within the framework of the constitutive equations for liquid crystalline polymers recently proposed by one of us [l]. Expressions for q(+) and Nl(+) derived from this theory fit very well (quantitatively) to the experimental data and some fundamental viscoelastic parameters of the system are thereby obtained for the first time.
- O Estado da Nação: como está o Portugal de hoje?: síntese de resultados: resultados finaisPublication . Stock, Maria José; Montargil, FilipeÉ apresentada, nesta publicação, a síntese dos resultados finais do projeto O estado da Nação 2001, realizado pela Data Crítica, Escola Superior de Comunicação Social, SIC, Diário de Notícias e TSF. De acordo com o Regimento da Assembleia da República (AR), “em cada sessão legislativa poderá ter lugar, em data a fixar por acordo entre o Presidente da Assembleia da República e o Governo, numa das últimas 10 reuniões da sessão legislativa, um debate de política geral, iniciado com uma intervenção do Governo sobre o estado da Nação, sujeito a perguntas dos grupos parlamentares, seguindo-se o debate generalizado que é encerrado pelo Governo.” . O objectivo do projecto O estado da Nação consiste em recolher e tratar informação relativa à avaliação e às opiniões dos portugueses sobre o estado da Nação, antes do fim da sessão legislativa e da realização do debate sobre o estado da Nação na Assembleia da República. Pretende-se, de forma mais concreta, recolher e disponibilizar informação através dos media sobre aquela que é a real avaliação dos cidadãos sobre o estado da Nação, antes do debate a ser efectuado pelos seus representantes na AR.