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Browsing ISEL - Engenharia Mecânica by Author "Abreu, António"
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- 5th International Conference on Quality Innovation and Sustainability (ICQIS 2024): theory and applications (abstract book)Publication . Morgado, Teresa; Galvão, Ivan; Abreu, António; Calado, João Manuel Ferreira; Sá, JoséThe conference themes, which address novel and advanced topics on Sustainability, Quality, and Innovation, focused on eight Special Sessions, namely, "Circular Economy and Waste Management – New Approaches, Innovative Technologies, and Business Models", "Failure Prevents: Reliability, Proactivity and Practice, "Lean, TRIZ methodologies Applied to Sustainability Management", "Modelling and Simulation: A way to promote system resilience and sustainability management", "Quality 4.0 and innovations in the digital era", "Recent Advances in Manufacturing", "Sustainability energy" and "Lean Sustainability". The conference also included the workshop "Brick by Brick: Exploring the Future of Quality Management through Serious Gaming" and an Open Forum on "Quality, Innovation and Sustainability Challenges and Opportunities" where an expert panel of many years of collective and active researchers and managers addressed the issue of balancing the activities of businesses, management, and engineering within the enterprises and institutions. The ICQIS2024 organizers believe that the meeting offered our delegates a forum for discussion and dissemination of their recent work in assessing the Sustainability, Quality, and Innovation of engineering and business services and promoting the exchange of ideas and international cooperation among scientists, managers, and engineers in this vital field of engineering and business.
- An approach based on fuzzy logic, to improve quality management on research and development centersPublication . Santos, Ricardo; Abreu, António; Calado, João Manuel FerreiraNowadays, with globalization and with the development of emergent economies the Research and Development (R&D) Centres in Europe to survive need to achieve high levels of excellence. In this way, the use of a quality management tools, such as European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), can help the managers of such organizations to identify de best practices to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness. Hence, this paper presents a new approach to support managers of R&D centres in the decision-making process in achieving the aims mentioned above, which is based on the EFQM model integrated with Fuzzy Logic. The proposed approach was applied to a Portuguese R&D Centre to assess its overall performance. In order to evaluate the robustness of the proposed approach, the results achieved were compared with the results obtained through a traditional methodology based on RADAR’s Logic.
- An approach to provide efficient choices to a household consumerPublication . Santos, Ricardo; Matias, J. C. O.; Abreu, AntónioIn this work, it will be presented an approach, applied to an energy efficiency problema in buildings, which allows the decision-agent (consumer) to perform a set of efficient choices, suitable to its needs, reducing therefore, the building overall energy consumption during the equipment lifecycle period (usage phase). The approach will use Evolutionary Algorithms (EA), combined with Multicriteria analysis. The quality of EA solutions will be evaluated through the comparison, with the ones, obtained from Simplex method. The EA robustness to the change of its parameters, will also be evaluated, as well as the influence of the objective function on its behavior. The approach can provide the consumer with several and different efficient solutions, with less time than Simplex. I tis also possible to improve the obtained solutions, by choosing adequately the EA`s control parameters, as well the problema formulation.
- An overview of critical chain applied to project managementPublication . Correia, Francisco; Abreu, AntónioThe characterization and assessment of the Critical Chain (CC) approach and the adaptation of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) to Project Management is an important element to help promoting the development of this field. Starting with a brief discussion about the CPM method and PERT method, this paper introduces some discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the CC concerning to traditional approaches.
- Aplicação da abordagem Six sigma na gestão de redes logística dinâmicasPublication . Abreu, AntónioAtualmente, a necessidade em efetuar operações Logísticas com um elevado nível de eficiência em sistemas cada vez mais complexos requer o acesso a vários tipos distintos de tecnologias e de competências que as pequenas e médias empresas geralmente não possuem. Para fazer face, a estes constrangimentos, de acordo com alguns gestores, a via passa pela dinamização das relações inter-empresariais dando origem à emergência de novas formas organizacionais baseadas em redes de colaboração entre empresas de que as redes logísticas dinâmicas são um exemplo. Este artigo tem como objetivo ilustrar o papel da abordagem Six Sigma Scorecard como instrumento de gestão para a melhoria da qualidade no serviço prestado no contexto de uma rede logística dinâmica. O artigo começa por discutir os princípios da filosofia Six Sigma e do Balanced Scorecard. Em seguida, é discutido de que modo se pode fazer a associação das duas metodologias como instrumento de gestão. Por último, é discutido como é que esta abordagem pode ser aplicada na avaliação das atividades Logísticas no contexto de uma rede logística dinâmica.
- Aplicação da lógica difusa para avaliar o nível lean de uma organizaçãoPublication . Abreu, António; Calado, João Manuel Ferreira; Vargas, JoãoNeste artigo apresenta-se um modelo baseado em lógica difusa com o objectivo determinar o nível lean de uma organização. O modelo desenvolvido assenta numa abordagem de avaliação qualitativa, incluindo bases quantitativas, cujo desenvolvimento foi suportado pela utilização de lógica difusa. O recurso à utilização da lógica difusa justifica-se pela sua capacidade de conseguir lidar com a incerteza e a imprecisão dos dados de entrada, bem como, ser igualmente aplicável na análise de variáveis qualitativas de um sistema, transformando-as em valores quantitativos. Uma grande vantagem do modelo desenvolvido é que este poderá ser reajustado a qualquer tipo de organização independentemente da sua natureza, dimensão, estratégia e posicionamento no mercado. Além disso, o modelo proposto possibilita a identificação de forma sistemática dos factores de constrangimento existentes na organização e fornecer assim a informação necessária para que a gestão desenvolva um plano holístico de melhoria contínua. Visando a avaliação da robustez da abordagem proposta neste artigo, o modelo foi aplicado a uma organização de manutenção e fabricação aeronáutica, sendo apresentados os resultados obtidos e efectuada a correspondente análise crítica dos mesmos. In this paper in order to determine the level of a lean organization a model based on fuzzy logic has been developed. The developed model has been based on a qualitative assessment approach, including quantitative bases, whose development was supported by the use of fuzzy logic. Recourse to the use of fuzzy logic is justified by its ability to cope with uncertainty and imprecision of the input data, as well as, could be applied to the analysis of qualitative variables of a system, turning them into quantitative values. A major advantage of the developed model is that it can be adjusted to any organization regardless of their nature, size, strategy and market positioning. Furthermore, the proposed model allows the identification systematically of constraint factors existing in the organization and thus provide the necessary information for the management to develop a holistic plan for continuous improvement. To assess the robustness of the approach proposed in this paper, the model was applied to a maintenance and manufacturing aeronautical organization, being presented the corresponding results and made a critical analysis of them.
- Aplicação do six sigma business scorecard na gestão de ecossistemas de inovaçãoPublication . Calado, João Manuel Ferreira; Requeijo, José; Abreu, AntónioNo atual contexto, as empresas para serem competitivas têm de desenvolver capacidades de inovação de elevado desempenho que lhes permitam responder rapidamente às necessidades do mercado. No entanto, a ausência de ferramentas e metodologias que permitam avaliar o desempenho dos projetos de inovação de uma forma integrada continua a ser um obstáculo. O artigo começa por discutir os princípios do Six Sigma e do Balanced Scorecard para a avaliação do desempenho. Em seguida, são discutidas as vantagens do Six Sigma Business Scorecard como instrumento de suporte à avaliação do desempenho em projetos de inovação. Por último, são discutidas as vantagens do desenvolvimento no contexto de um ecossistema colaborativo. In the present context, companies to be competitive must develop high-performance innovation capabilities that enable them to respond quickly to market needs. However, the lack of tools and methodologies to assess the performance of innovation projects in an integrated way remains an obstacle. The article begins by discussing the principles of Six Sigma and the Balanced Scorecard for performance evaluation. Next, the advantages of the Six Sigma Business Scorecard are discussed as a tool to support the evaluation of performance in innovation projects. Finally, the advantages of development in the context of a collaborative ecosystem are discussed.
- Application of lean methodologies in the reduction of setup times in the pharmaceutical industryPublication . Curado, André Gil; Abreu, AntónioIntrodução: A competitividade internacional acentuada motivada pela globalização com o objetivo de alcançar um público que cada vez se nota mais exigente, faz da diminuição de custo e aumento da qualidade uma necessidade primária transversal a qualquer setor. A indústria de medicamentos genéricos onde o preço é a arma principal no alcance do consumidor não é exceção e cria uma forte necessidade na aplicação das metodologias Lean com o intuito de otimizar a produção. Objetivos: Reduzir os tempos de setup mediante a aplicação de metodologias Lean estruturado por um modelo proposto. Métodos: No decorrer deste estudo foi revista a bibliografia referente à origem e várias metodologias Lean, sendo proposto um modelo de aplicação. A implementação teve por base um estudo detalhado das mudanças resultando num conjunto de propostas de solução dedicados aos principais problemas aplicando diversas ferramentas Lean. Resultados: Redução dos tempos de mudança na ordem dos 20% e número de espera na ordem dos 24,5% no espaço de 3 meses. Conclusões: A aplicação das metodologias Lean revelou uma grande utilidade na identificação das causas e na criação de soluções. A implementação de este modelo, ainda que numa fase inicial, permitiu não só redução dos tempos de mudanças, mas como outras melhorias como a diminuição do número de esperas. Contudo, esta aplicação, por estar inserido numa indústria farmacêutica contempla alguns procedimentos que não podem ser alterados limitando os tempos de mudanças. Introduction: The strong international competitiveness motivated by globalization with the purpose of reaching an increasingly demanding public, makes cost reduction and quality increase a primary need across all sectors. The generic drug industry where price is the primary weapon in consumer reach is no exception and creates a strong need in the application of Lean methodologies to optimize the production. Objectives: Reduce of changeover times by the application of lean methodologies structured by a proposed model. Methods: This study started with a review of the bibliography of the Lean’s origin and the several methodologies ending with the application of a proposed application model. The implementation was based on a detailed study of the setups resulting in a set of solution proposals dedicated to the main problems applying several lean tools. Results: Reduction of change times by 20% and waiting times by 24.5% within 3 months. Conclusions: The application of Lean methodologies revealed a great utility in the identification of causes and in the creation of solutions. The implementation of this model, although in an initial phase, allowed not only reduction of the times of changes, but also other improvements such as the reduction of the number of waits. However, this application, due to being inserted in the pharmaceutical industry, is limited by some procedures that cannot be changed.
- Application of triz methodology to support the emergence of collaborative networksPublication . Navas, Helena; Abreu, António; Dias, AnaNowadays, companies operate in markets exposed to the effects of globalization, the opportunities for conducting business are becoming shorter in terms of time as well as the business environment is increasingly volatile. Thus, companies have to start learning to work together in certain areas or skills, to follow different paths other through the stimulation of inter-firm relationships giving rise to organizational models based on networks of collaboration between companies. However, a major challenge with the knowledge that this area faces is related to the need to develop a general theory of collaborative networks. Thus, the establishment of collaborative processes in response to a business opportunity should not follow an ad-hoc process, but instead must be supported by appropriate methodologies to support the process of analysis of technological and organizational systems, identify contradictions and problematic situations and process indicate the likely solution to the found problems. In this context, the Theory of Invention Problem Solving, better known by its acronym TRIZ, aims to aid in the detection of contradictions regarding systems and the generation of creative solutions which eliminate the contradictions found and get major improvements in technological and organizational systems. Innovation is crucial to increasing the efficiency of organizations, to improve competitiveness and profitability, since life cycle of products is becoming shorter. The collaborative chains need to develop innovative solutions progressively with the aim of improving processes. The TRIZ methodology can indicate some guidelines for managers of companies and their network since it The 2016 International Conference on Systematic Innovation July 20-22, 2016, Lisbon, Portugal allows to generate solutions to radical or based on the application of the latest scientific discoveries and experienced little change. The aim of this paper is to contribute to greater agility and sustainability of the processes of formation of collaborative chains to meet business opportunities, introducing the TRIZ methodology supporting the creation and development of collaborative chains.
- Applying social network analysis to identify project critical success factorsPublication . Nunes, Marco; Abreu, AntónioA key challenge in project management is to understand to which extent the dynamic interactions between the different project people—through formal and informal networks of collaboration that temporarily emerge across a project´s lifecycle—throughout all the phases of a project lifecycle, influence a project’s outcome. This challenge has been a growing concern to organizations that deliver projects, due their huge impact in economic, environmental, and social sustainability. Inthiswork,aheuristictwo-partmodel,supportedwiththreescientificfields—project management, risk management, and social network analysis—is proposed, to uncover and measure the extent to which the dynamic interactions of project people—as they work through networks of collaboration—across all the phases of a project lifecycle, influence a project‘s outcome, by first identifying critical success factos regarding five general project collaboration types ((1) communication and insight, (2) internal and cross collaboration, (3) know-how and power sharing, (4) clustering, and (5) team work efficiency) by analyzing delivered projects, and second, using those identified critical success factos to provide guidance in upcoming projects regarding the five project collaboration types.