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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Roccas and Schwartz [4], and Schwartz and Huismans [5] showed that there is a correlation
between people’s religiosity and the human values defined by SH Schwartz: conformity and
tradition values positively correlate with religiosity, while hedonism, self-determination,
achievement and power have negative correlations. The remaining human values are not
significantly related, however safety and benevolence are positively correlated while uni versalism and stimulation are negatively correlated. The purpose of this communication
is to present the evolution of human values taking into account the religiosity of people in
Portugal, from a perspective of European comparison. This communication also intends to
trace the sociological profile of people who claim to belong to a religion (called religious)
and people who do not belong to any religion (called non-religious) in relation to human
values. To achieve this objective, several sociographic variables are used to characterize
the individuals and also two indices, created from European Social Survey (ESS) variables,
the Index of Relation to Religion (IRR) and the Index of Religious Practice (IPR).
As can be seen in Figure 1, throughout all rounds, in Portugal, Tradition, Hedonism and
Stimulation stand out as the most differentiating values between individuals who practice
a religion and those who do not, the most prominent differentiator for Tradition in the last
rounds observed.
Data processing and analysis focused on the nine rounds of the European Social Survey,
between 2002 and 2018. After preparing the data for analysis, statistical techniques used,
such as Multiple Correspondence Analysis, and non-parametric tests of mean difference
were obtained using IBM SPSS version 27.0 software.
By comparing the averages of human values, it is concluded that Portugal is closer to
European values, from round 6 (2012). Multiple Correspondence Analysis allowed us to
conclude that, as expected, people who belong to a religion have a formal relationship
with it. While those who do not belong to any religion are associated with a residual or
null relationship, but also with informal relationships, and sometimes medium or intense.
Which means that, even though they do not belong to a religion, they may have some kind
of relationship with it.
References [1] A. Carneiro, M. A. P. Dinis, A. Leite, et al. Human Values and Religion: Evidence from the European Social Survey. Social Sciences, 10:75–92, 2021. [2] B. Le Roux and H. Rouanet. Multivariate Correspondence Analysis. Sage Publications, London, 2010. [3] L. Lebart and M. Morineau, A.and Piron. Statistique Exploratoire Multidimensionalelle. Dunod, Ed., Paris, 1995. [4] S. Roccas and S.H. Schwartz. Church-state relations and the association of religion with values: A study of catholics in six countries. Cross-cultural Research, 31:356–375, 1997. [5] S.H. Schwartz and S. Huismans. Value priorities and religiosity in four Western religions. Social Psychology Quaterly, pages 88–107, 1995.
References [1] A. Carneiro, M. A. P. Dinis, A. Leite, et al. Human Values and Religion: Evidence from the European Social Survey. Social Sciences, 10:75–92, 2021. [2] B. Le Roux and H. Rouanet. Multivariate Correspondence Analysis. Sage Publications, London, 2010. [3] L. Lebart and M. Morineau, A.and Piron. Statistique Exploratoire Multidimensionalelle. Dunod, Ed., Paris, 1995. [4] S. Roccas and S.H. Schwartz. Church-state relations and the association of religion with values: A study of catholics in six countries. Cross-cultural Research, 31:356–375, 1997. [5] S.H. Schwartz and S. Huismans. Value priorities and religiosity in four Western religions. Social Psychology Quaterly, pages 88–107, 1995.
Description
Keywords
Multiple Correspondence Analysis Eta coefficient Religiosity Human values
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Lousão, M.P., Silvestre, C. & Casanova, J.L. (2021, dez, 09-11). A sociological portrait of the Portuguese, based on their religiosity and values: A cross-time comparison with Europe. Paper presented at XVIII Meeting of the Portuguese Association for Classification and Data Analysis (JOCLAD 2021), Universidade da Beira Interior – Covilhã, Portugal
Publisher
CLAD - Associação Portuguesa de Classificação e Análise de Dados
UBI - Universidade da Beira Interior
UBI - Universidade da Beira Interior