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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Brincar ao ar livre assume grande importância no desenvolvimento e
aprendizagem das crianças e promove o seu bem-estar físico e mental. Para além disto,
é no espaço exterior que as crianças encontram maiores desafios para as suas
habilidades motoras. Contudo, devido, principalmente, às condições meteorológicas
nem sempre é possível as crianças brincarem no exterior. Sendo este espaço
substituído por outro espaço no interior, onde não existe contacto com a natureza e as
estruturas não desafiam tanto as capacidades motoras das crianças.
Durante a Prática Profissional Supervisionada II (PPS II), em contexto préescolar,
com um grupo de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 2 e os 6 anos,
foi desenvolvida uma investigação-ação, de natureza qualitativa. Esta visa compreender
as oportunidades de ação motora existentes no espaço interior. Para tal, realizou-se a
avaliação do espaço, através da observação do grupo em interação com o espaço nos
momentos de brincadeira da tarde, tanto no espaço interior como no espaço exterior.
Foi também preenchido um questionário AHEMD (Affordances in the Home Environment
for motor Development) adaptado ao contexto socioeducativo, de forma a caracterizar
o ambiente educativo. Posteriormente, foi implementada uma estratégia de forma a
proporcionar às crianças uma maior apropriação das suas habilidades motoras e do
espaço interior. No final, realizou-se, novamente, a avaliação recorrendo à observação,
com o objetivo de compreender o contributo da estratégia implementada na atividade
motora das crianças no espaço interior, compreendendo se as oportunidades de ação
motora sofreram alterações.
Os resultados da investigação indicam que após a intervenção, foi observado
que as affordances existentes no espaço interior não promoveram mais habilidades de
ação motora na ação das crianças. Contudo, as mesmas aderiram à estratégia do jogo,
colocando-os em prática várias vezes, possibilitando que ocorresse movimento pelo
espaço e o desenvolvimento das suas habilidades motoras. Compreendendo-se, assim,
a necessidade de criar intenções e de planear os espaços interiores, de forma a criar
oportunidades para que ocorra o desenvolvimento de todas as capacidades das
crianças de forma ativa.
ABSTRACT Playing outdoors is of great importance in the development and learning of children and promotes their physical and mental well-being. In addition, it is in the space outside that children find the greatest challenges for their motor skills. However, mainly due to weather conditions, it is not always possible for children to play outside. In this case, the space needs to be replaced by another zone, but this time inside where there is no contact with nature and the structures do not challenge much the childrens motor skills. During Supervised Professional Practice II (PPS II), in a pre-school context, with a group of children between 2 and 6 years of age, a qualitative research-action was developed. This aims to understand the opportunities for motor action existing in the interior space. In order to do this, the space evaluation was done through the observation of the group in interaction with the space in the moments of afternoon play, both in the interior and outdoor space. An AHEMD questionnaire (Affordances in the Home Environment for motor Development), adapted to the socio-educational context, was also filled, in order to characterize the educational environment. Subsequently, a strategy was implemented in order to provide children with a greater appropriation of their motor skills and interior space. In the end, the evaluation was carried out again, using observation, in order to understand the contribution of the strategy implemented, in the motor activity of children in the interior space, understanding whether the opportunities for motor action underwent changes. The results of the investigation indicate that after the intervention, it was observed that the affordances existing in the interior space didn't promote more motor action skills in the children's action. However, they adhered to the game's strategy, putting them into practice several times, allowing movement through space and the development of their motor skills. Therefore, it is necessary for the adult to create intentions and plans in the interior spaces, in order to create opportunities for the development of all children's abilities to occur actively.
ABSTRACT Playing outdoors is of great importance in the development and learning of children and promotes their physical and mental well-being. In addition, it is in the space outside that children find the greatest challenges for their motor skills. However, mainly due to weather conditions, it is not always possible for children to play outside. In this case, the space needs to be replaced by another zone, but this time inside where there is no contact with nature and the structures do not challenge much the childrens motor skills. During Supervised Professional Practice II (PPS II), in a pre-school context, with a group of children between 2 and 6 years of age, a qualitative research-action was developed. This aims to understand the opportunities for motor action existing in the interior space. In order to do this, the space evaluation was done through the observation of the group in interaction with the space in the moments of afternoon play, both in the interior and outdoor space. An AHEMD questionnaire (Affordances in the Home Environment for motor Development), adapted to the socio-educational context, was also filled, in order to characterize the educational environment. Subsequently, a strategy was implemented in order to provide children with a greater appropriation of their motor skills and interior space. In the end, the evaluation was carried out again, using observation, in order to understand the contribution of the strategy implemented, in the motor activity of children in the interior space, understanding whether the opportunities for motor action underwent changes. The results of the investigation indicate that after the intervention, it was observed that the affordances existing in the interior space didn't promote more motor action skills in the children's action. However, they adhered to the game's strategy, putting them into practice several times, allowing movement through space and the development of their motor skills. Therefore, it is necessary for the adult to create intentions and plans in the interior spaces, in order to create opportunities for the development of all children's abilities to occur actively.
Description
Relatório da prática profissional supervisionada apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para
obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar
Keywords
Jogo Affordances Desenvolvimento motor Espaço Interior Pré-escolar Investigação-ação Action-research Pre-school Affordances Motor development Interior space Play
Citation
Andrade, T. M. (2020). As possibilidades de ação que o espaço interior proporciona ao desenvolvimento motor das crianças em JI (Dissertação de mestrado não publicada). Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Educação, Lisboa Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/13030
Publisher
Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa