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Involvement in Portuguese father-infant free play interactions at 3 and 9 months

datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Rita
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Luisa
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Margarida
dc.contributor.authorBeeghly, Marjorie
dc.contributor.authorFuertes, Marina
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-09T16:49:02Z
dc.date.available2026-03-09T16:49:02Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.descriptionThis work was supported by Grant UI/DB/151103/2021 from FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., through the Research Center for Psychological Science of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon; Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia [2022.07322.PTDC].
dc.description.abstractObjective. Although continuity and stability in parental sensitivity promote a sense of security and predictability for infants and are linked to a variety of positive child outcomes, research with fathers is relatively rare. The present Portuguese longitudinal study investigates mean group-level continuity (vs. discontinuity) and individual-order stability (vs. instability) of ratings of paternal sensitivity and other dimensions of father-infant interactive behavior with infants from 3 to 9 months. Design. Participants included 61 urban middle- to lower-middle-class Portuguese fathers and their healthy, term infants observed during free play at 3 and 9 months. Multiple dimensions of paternal and infant behavior were scored using Crittenden’s CARE-Index. Fathers also reported on their involvement in childcare activities using the Parents’ Responsibility Scale. Results. The magnitude of fathers’ average group-level sensitivity decreased from 3 to 9 months, but fathers’ ratings correlated over time, indicating individual-order stability. In a First-Difference Regression Model, increases in paternal involvement (play and primary caregiving) and infant cooperative behavior from 3 to 9 months predicted higher paternal sensitivity. Conclusions. Evidence for both group-level discontinuity and individual-order stability in fathers’ sensitivity and involvement was found at 3 to 9 months postpartum. Increases in paternal play and primary caregiving, along with cooperative infant behavior, predicted higher paternal sensitivity at 9 months, identifying modifiable targets for early support.eng
dc.identifier.citationAlmeida R, Barros L, Santos M, Beeghly M, Fuertes M. Involvement in Portuguese father-infant free play interactions at 3 and 9 months. Parent Sci Pract. 2025 December 30. Epub ahead of print.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/15295192.2025.2611322
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/22701
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherTaylor and Francis Group
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15295192.2025.2611322
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectPsychology
dc.subjectFather involvement
dc.subjectFather-infant interaction
dc.subjectSensitivity
dc.subjectStability
dc.subjectPortugal
dc.titleInvolvement in Portuguese father-infant free play interactions at 3 and 9 monthseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.titleParenting: Science and Practice
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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