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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A criação de espaços para a realização das mais diversas tarefas do ser humano é uma das maiores e ancestrais preocupações desta espécie. Já na pré-história, o Homo Sapiens adaptou grutas, montou estruturas com elementos naturais e melhorou ambientes para se proteger do clima, para armazenar os seus bens e se proteger dos inimigos. A engenharia é algo inato ao ser humano.
No entanto, o aumento demográfico resultou numa densidade populacional e em alterações climatéricas que exigem que as construções sejam cada vez especializadas, razões que implicam maiores desafios técnicos. Não só as clássicas especialidades como estabilidade são mais desafiantes pois os edifícios crescem em altura, com implantação em zonas mais acidentadas, com solos mais instáveis ou de maior actividade sísmica, como também são agora exigidas novas especialidades.
Térmica, acústica e segurança contra incêndio são ramos da engenharia que foram progressivamente adicionados no rol dos projectos exigíveis para o licenciamento de uma construção. Com estes projectos pretende-se garantir níveis de conforto e segurança que, de início implicam um maior investimento, mas que rapidamente se traduzirão em poupança energética, mais saúde, mais segurança e, por conseguinte, aumento de qualidade de vida para os utentes.
Por outro lado, hoje estão disponíveis ferramentas informáticas de cálculo que permitem um dimensionamento mais rápido e integrado com as outras especialidades.
O presente trabalho tem como objectivo a demonstração dos procedimentos a adoptar para a realização de projectos de abastecimento de águas, esgotos, pluviais, térmica, acústica e segurança contra incêndio.
Recorreu-se a diversas ferramentas informáticas, consoante a complexidade do projecto da especialidade em causa.
Creation of spaces for the accomplishment of the most diverse tasks of the human being is one of the greatest and ancestral preoccupations of this specie. Already in prehistory, Homo sapiens adapted caves, built structures with natural elements and improved environment to protect themselves from the climate, to store their property and protect from enemies. Engineering is something inert to the human being. However, the demographic increase has resulted in a population density and climate change that require that buildings are increasingly specialized, which are reasons for greater technical challenges. Not only the classic specialties like stability are more challenging as the buildings grow in height, with deployment in more rugged areas, with more unstable or with more seismic activity soils, as well as new specialties are now required. Thermal, acoustics and fire safety are branches of engineering that, more or less recently, have been added to the list of projects required for the licensing of a building. These projects aim to guarantee levels of comfort and safety that, at first, imply a greater investment, but which will quickly result into energy savings, more health, more safety and, consequently, an increase in the quality of life for the users. On the other hand, today computer tools of calculation are available that allow a faster sizing and integrated with the other specialties. The present work has as objective the demonstration of the procedures to be adopted for the realization of projects of water supply, sewage, pluvial, thermal, acoustic and fire safety. The work methodology was variable, resorting to several informatics tools, trying to adapt them to the complexity of the project of the specialty in question.
Creation of spaces for the accomplishment of the most diverse tasks of the human being is one of the greatest and ancestral preoccupations of this specie. Already in prehistory, Homo sapiens adapted caves, built structures with natural elements and improved environment to protect themselves from the climate, to store their property and protect from enemies. Engineering is something inert to the human being. However, the demographic increase has resulted in a population density and climate change that require that buildings are increasingly specialized, which are reasons for greater technical challenges. Not only the classic specialties like stability are more challenging as the buildings grow in height, with deployment in more rugged areas, with more unstable or with more seismic activity soils, as well as new specialties are now required. Thermal, acoustics and fire safety are branches of engineering that, more or less recently, have been added to the list of projects required for the licensing of a building. These projects aim to guarantee levels of comfort and safety that, at first, imply a greater investment, but which will quickly result into energy savings, more health, more safety and, consequently, an increase in the quality of life for the users. On the other hand, today computer tools of calculation are available that allow a faster sizing and integrated with the other specialties. The present work has as objective the demonstration of the procedures to be adopted for the realization of projects of water supply, sewage, pluvial, thermal, acoustic and fire safety. The work methodology was variable, resorting to several informatics tools, trying to adapt them to the complexity of the project of the specialty in question.
Description
Trabalho final para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Civil na área de Especialização de Edificações
Keywords
Projecto Project Abastecimento de águas Water supply Drenagem de águas residuais domésticas Dranaige waste water network Drenagem de águas pluviais Dranaige stormwater network Térmica Thermal Acústica Acoustics Segurança contra Incêndio em edifícios Fire safety in buildings
Citation
CAROLINO, Susana Patrícia Vargas - Projecto de térmica, acústica, águas e esgotos e segurança contra incêndio em edifício de habitação, Mafra. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2018. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa