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Graphene oxide and its viability as a constituent in nanofertilizers

2025-08Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorSaraiva, Raquel
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Quirina
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Gonçalo R.
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Margarida
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-18T09:39:58Z
dc.date.available2025-12-18T09:39:58Z
dc.date.issued2025-08
dc.descriptionThe author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. This work was funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia under the scope of Raquel Saraiva’s PhD grant 2020.06559.BD, DOI 10.54499/2020.06559.BD, project PTDC/CTM-REF/2679/2020, UIDB/50008/2020, under the UIDB/04129/2020 project LEAFLinking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Research Unit and PRR - Recovery and Resilience Plan and the Next Generation EU European Funds PRR-C05-i03-I-000099.
dc.description.abstractThe use of chemical fertilizers and phytochemicals is a common practice in major crop production, promoting increased production per hectare but also representing a growing environmental concern. In response to this problem, this work carried out an ecotoxicity study and characterized the changes in soil properties resulting from the use of graphene oxide (GO), a component used in the formulation of new nanofertilizer and nanobiostimulant pellets for agriculture due to its effective carrier properties and previously reported non-toxicity in other areas. Lepidium sativum L. petri dish and pot trials were performed according to the EN 16086-2 European Standard and OECD guidelines to evaluate germination, vitality, and root development. Soil parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), and water holding capacity (WHC) were also monitored. Although no significant phytotoxic effects were observed at most concentrations, higher doses (2.00 mg mL−1) exhibited deviations in plant behavior and TOC levels. These findings help define the preliminary safe-use thresholds for GO in agricultural applications.eng
dc.identifier.citationSaraiva R, Ferreira Q, Rodrigues, GC, Oliveira M. Graphene oxide and its viability as a constituent in nanofertilizers. Front Nanotechnol. 2025;7:1580066.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnano.2025.1580066
dc.identifier.issn2673-3013
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/22358
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherFrontiers Media SA
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nanotechnology/articles/10.3389/fnano.2025.1580066/full
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Nanotechnology
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectEcotoxicity
dc.subjectNanobiostimulant
dc.subjectNanoparticles
dc.subjectNanosafety
dc.subjectNanotechnology
dc.subjectSoil properties
dc.titleGraphene oxide and its viability as a constituent in nanofertilizerseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.startPage1580066
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Nanotechnology
oaire.citation.volume7
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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