Percorrer por data de Publicação, começado por "2025-08"
A mostrar 1 - 10 de 12
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Sleep and indoor air quality: an exploratory polysomnographic evaluation of potential associationsPublication . Belo, Joana; Meira e Cruz, Miguel; Viegas, Carla; Lage, Joana; Almeida, Susana Marta; Cabo Verde, Sandra; Alves, Célia; Canha, NunoThis exploratory pilot study examines the potential impact of indoor environmental exposures on sleep quality, with a particular focus on a comprehensive characterization of indoor air quality (IAQ) parameters and their association with sleep architecture assessed through polysomnography. The study was conducted during the cold seasons of 2016 and 2017 with a small sample of 10 subjects from the urban area of Lisbon, Portugal. Polysomnography was performed over two consecutive weeknights, while IAQ monitoring took place over three consecutive nights using typical real-time instruments. Additionally, bioburden was assessed in each bedroom before and after the sleep period using active methods. The analysis was based on correlations between the environmental parameters and the sleep data from these 10 subjects. Parametric and non-parametric statistics were employed to examine potential associations, with a significance level set at α = 0.05. The findings showed that higher bedroom temperatures during sleep were associated with a decrease in REM sleep. Both minimum and mean heart rates (HR) increased with higher levels of CO and CO2, while post-sleep bacteria levels were linked to a decrease in maximum HR. Fungal levels in the bedrooms were associated with a reduction in NREM2, and higher formaldehyde exposure was found to increase REM sleep latency. Exposure to PM2.5 negatively impacted NREM1, RDI, and snoring, while PM10 levels were negatively correlated with WASO and RDI. Although these findings provide a preliminary baseline, they are based on a small sample and may not be representative, highlighting the need for future studies to confirm the effects of various IAQ parameters on sleep quality in a larger and more diverse population.
- Psychosocial factors and dietary patterns in metabolic and bariatric surgery: analyzing anxiety, depression, and hedonic hungerPublication . Vieira, Beatriz; Santos, Zélia; Ribeiro, Rui; Viveiros, Octávio; Rossoni, Carina; Carolino, Elisabete; Novais, FilipaBackground: Scientific evidence has demonstrated that psychosocial factors can influence hedonic hunger (HH). Moreover, HH can be a predictor of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) outcomes. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been used as a model approach for managing excess weight. In this study, we assessed the association between anxiety and depression levels, HH, and adherence to MD in candidates to MBS and post-MBS subjects. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study that included individuals who were candidates and who were submitted to MBS. Data analysis included anthropometric measurements, assessment of anxiety and depression levels, HH, and adherence to MD. Results: Of the 64 included individuals, 68.8% were female, with a mean age of 48.39 years. A significant positive correlation was observed between HH and anxiety and depression levels. No statistically significant relationship was found between adherence to MD and HH, nor with anxiety and depression levels. Conclusion: Psychological status largely contributes to weight control. Therefore, patients should be carefully assessed before and after surgery to ensure treatment and adequate follow-up. Future studies are needed to better determine the complex relationship between psychological factors, HH, food intake, and weight. Level v: Cross-sectional observational study.
- Addressing critical fungal pathogens under a One Health perspective: key insights from the Portuguese Association of Medical MycologyPublication . Sabino, Raquel; Antunes, F.; Araujo, Ricardo; Bezerra, Ana Rita; Brandão, João; Carneiro, C.; Carvalho, Agostinho; Carvalho, D.; Conceição, I. C.; Medeiros, F. Cota; Cruz, C.; Duarte, E.; Holum, Stephanie; Matos, O.; Maltez, Fernando; Mendonça, Alexandre; Moura, Gabriela; Pereira, A.; Rodrigues, Célia Fortuna; Teixeira, P.; Valdoleiros, S. R.; Veríssimo, C.; Viegas, CarlaFungal infections have emerged as a significant public health concern, especially with the increasing incidence of severe mycoses caused by pathogens such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida auris, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. These fungi, listed as critical priorities by the World Health Organization, pose a heightened risk due to the rising prevalence of antifungal resistance and their severe impact on immunocompromised individuals. This article, coordinated by the Portuguese Association of Medical Mycology, emphasizes the importance of adopting a One Health approach to comprehensively address fungal threats. Drawing on interdisciplinary collaboration, the association aims to foster greater awareness, improve diagnostic capabilities, and stimulate research and public health policies in Portugal, but also at the global level. The paper outlines key strategies for surveillance, prevention, and innovation in fungal diagnostics and therapeutics. Moreover, it emphasizes the urgent need for national coordination and international cooperation in managing fungal infections, advocating for integrative approaches that link human, animal, and environmental health. By presenting a consolidated overview of current challenges and future priorities, this work seeks to enhance preparedness and response mechanisms in the face of escalating fungal threats.
- A role-playing tabletop game on laboratory techniques and chemical reactivity: a game-based learning approach to organic chemistry educationPublication . Crucho, Carina; Gomes, Mário; Avó, JoãoThe teaching laboratory is central to chemistry education, but student engagement has declined in recent years. Game-based learning (GBL) offers a promising strategy to increase motivation and interactivity. Here, we present the design and assessment of a tabletop, narrative-driven GBL intervention for the organic chemistry lab, focused on the “Identification of an Unknown” challenge. Students used in-game currency, earned by solving chemistry problems and completing laboratory tasks, to acquire analytical data (infrared spectra, elemental analysis) and perform wet chemistry tests. The game fostered collaboration, problem-solving, and integration of theoretical and practical skills. To evaluate impact, we compared performance in the GBL year (n = 126) to the two prior years, analyzing grades, effect sizes (Cohen’s d), and variance. The practical mean grade increased by 0.56 points (p = 0.02, d = 0.32); the theoretical mean by 0.37 (p = 0.045, d = 0.31). Surveys (46 % response) indicated perceived gains in motivation and understanding, though some students found resource management challenging. Both quantitative and qualitative data support GBL’s potential to enhance engagement and learning in organic chemistry labs and other STEM courses.
- MALDI-TOF MS biomarkers for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus detection: a systematic reviewPublication . Santos, Pedro; Alho, Irina; Ribeiro, EdnaBackground/objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections remain a significant challenge in healthcare. Conventional and molecular techniques used for MRSA identification are either time-consuming or costly. Alternatively, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) offers a rapid method for microbial identification and has the potential to detect biomarkers that distinguish methicillin resistance in S. aureus isolates. This study aimed to identify methicillin-resistant discriminative biomarkers for S. aureus obtained using MALDI-TOF MS. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching databases such as PubMed and Web of Science for studies that focused on MRSA detection with biomarkers by MALDI-TOF MS, including all relevant studies published up to July 2024. The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO registry. Results: A total of 15 studies were selected for analysis. Data were extracted on study location, sample size, MALDI-TOF MS analyzer, sample preparation, methicillin resistance and sensitivity biomarkers, and the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models. Notably, PSM-mec and delta toxin were frequently reported as informative biomarkers, detectable at 2414 ± 2 Da and 3006 ± 2 Da, respectively. Additionally, eight studies used AI models to identify specific biomarkers differentiating methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive strains, based on differences in peak intensities or the exclusive presence of certain peaks. Moreover, two studies employed the detection of MRSA in low concentrations from biological samples, and others employed an optimized matrix solution for improved analysis. Conclusions: Overall, MALDI-TOF MS is not only a powerful tool for the identification of bacterial isolates but also shows strong potential for rapid, cost-effective detection of methicillin resistance in S. aureus through biomarker analysis. Given that it is already implemented in several clinical laboratories, this approach could be adopted without a high additional cost.
- Efeito da realidade virtual no equilíbrio e na velocidade da marcha em indivíduos após acidente vascular encefálico: estudo de série de casosPublication . Rodrigues, Inês; Fernandes, BeatrizIntrodução – O acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) é uma condição neurológica que leva a alterações de equilíbrio e limitações funcionais. Muitos indivíduos não recuperam a independência nas atividades da vida diária, interferindo na sua qualidade de vida e expondo a necessidade de procurar estratégias para a promoção da melhoria das funções motoras. A realidade virtual (RV) é uma intervenção inovadora para a reabilitação de indivíduos do foro neurológico, pela promoção de motivação e prazer na execução de tarefas específicas. Objetivo – Identificar os efeitos da terapia baseada em RV no equilíbrio e na velocidade da marcha de indivíduos pós-AVE. Métodos – Estudo de série de casos que incluiu dois participantes de uma população com AVE e défices de equilíbrio sujeitos a uma intervenção baseada em RV com recurso à consola Wii e à plataforma Wii Balance Board, com frequência trissemanal, durante doze semanas. Foram realizados três momentos de avaliação utilizando a Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg, o Teste Timed Up and Go e o Teste de velocidade da marcha de 4 metros. Resultados – No final das doze semanas, todos os participantes apresentaram melhorias na pontuação dos três testes. Conclusão – Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o programa baseado em realidade virtual, com recurso aos jogos da consola Wii, proporcionou melhoria no equilíbrio e na velocidade da marcha em dois indivíduos pós-AVE. Sugere-se a realização de estudos experimentais para validar estes resultados e verificar o potencial de associar esta intervenção à terapia convencional.
- Graphene oxide and its viability as a constituent in nanofertilizersPublication . Saraiva, Raquel; Ferreira, Quirina; Rodrigues, Gonçalo R.; Oliveira, MargaridaThe use of chemical fertilizers and phytochemicals is a common practice in major crop production, promoting increased production per hectare but also representing a growing environmental concern. In response to this problem, this work carried out an ecotoxicity study and characterized the changes in soil properties resulting from the use of graphene oxide (GO), a component used in the formulation of new nanofertilizer and nanobiostimulant pellets for agriculture due to its effective carrier properties and previously reported non-toxicity in other areas. Lepidium sativum L. petri dish and pot trials were performed according to the EN 16086-2 European Standard and OECD guidelines to evaluate germination, vitality, and root development. Soil parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), and water holding capacity (WHC) were also monitored. Although no significant phytotoxic effects were observed at most concentrations, higher doses (2.00 mg mL−1) exhibited deviations in plant behavior and TOC levels. These findings help define the preliminary safe-use thresholds for GO in agricultural applications.
- Surgical management of intermittent exotropia (IXT) in children: a literature reviewPublication . Lino, Pedro; Aguiar, Pedro; Cunha, Maria JoãoIntroduction: Surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia (IXT) in children presents variable outcomes due to diverse surgical techniques, success definitions, and follow-up durations. There is a need to clarify factors influencing prognosis to guide clinical decisions. Methods: This review synthesizes published studies assessing surgical outcomes in pediatric IXT, focusing on success rates, criteria used, surgical approaches, and predictive factors influencing long-term results. Results: Short- and medium-term motor success rates are generally high; however, outcomes tend to decline over time, mainly due to postoperative exodrift, resulting in recurrence and reoperation. Unilateral recess-resect procedures showed better long-term results in some cohorts, while modified techniques like slanted lateral rectus recession yielded promising results in specific IXT subtypes. Preoperative sensory function and deviation control were significant predictors of success. Conclusion: Surgical outcomes in pediatric IXT vary widely, highlighting the importance of standardized success criteria, including sensory and motor measures. Extended follow-up and patient-specific surgical planning are essential for optimizing results. Future prospective research with uniform methodologies is necessary to improve treatment strategies.
- A importância da transparência na prestação de contas: Estudo de caso das auditorias às contas de campanha dos partidos políticos nos anos de 2015 e de 2019Publication . Canada, Andreia Sofia Alves do Carmo; Cascais, DomingosA presente dissertação tem como objetivo principal analisar o quão relevante é uma prestação de contas transparente e eficiente no contexto dos Partidos Políticos (PP), com especial foco na sua importância para os stakeholders e para a sociedade. Este estudo aborda o enquadramento legal aplicável, os procedimentos exigidos para garantir conformidade com a lei, o papel da sua entidade supervisora, a Entidade das Contas e Financiamentos Políticos (ECFP), bem como a importância da auditoria e possíveis sanções aos casos de incumprimento. Para atingir o objetivo de investigação, foi utilizada o tipo de metodologia de estudo de caso múltiplo, com base na análise documental das contas da campanha eleitoral à Assembleia da República (AR) para os anos de 2015 e 2019, entregues ao Tribunal Constitucional (TC) e à ECFP. Adicionalmente a isto, com o objetivo de obter uma perspetiva mais técnica, esta análise foi enriquecida com duas entrevistas realizadas a dois antigos membros da ECFP, um ex-vogal da Direção e uma ex-colaboradora da área financeira. Os resultados evidenciam que uma eficiente prestação de contas requer uma atuação coordenada entre os partidos, quadro legislativo e a entidade fiscalizadora. Deste modo, torna-se fundamental que os PP adotem práticas mais responsáveis e transparentes, que a ECFP tenha todos os meios necessários para conseguir cumprir com a sua missão - a fiscalização e que a legislação seja adaptada conforme sejam identificadas lacunas ou necessidades de melhoria.
- Characterization of physical activity levels in female breast cancer survivors: relationship with lymphedema (AtiLinf)Publication . Duarte, Alice Ralheta; Neto, Carla Martinho; Prates, Leonor; Lobo, Pablo; Tomás, Maria TeresaThe development of lymphedema (LE) is a major concern in breast cancer treatment, and it is crucial to understand the best ways to prevent and treat it. Physical activity is effective, safe, and feasible in controlling complications arising from treatments, as well as improving function and quality of life in breast cancer survivors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and grip strength, as well as LE development, in breast cancer survivors. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted, and women who had survived breast cancer between 1 and 5 years after surgery were selected. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. The volume of the upper limb (UL) was measured using perimetry, handgrip strength was assessed with the JAMAR dynamometer, and the Actigraph accelerometer was placed on the waist. It was found that 50% of the sample was overweight, 28.3% were obese, and 52% of the participants had grip strength below the recommended level. They had an average energy expenditure of 1.2 (0.1) metabolic equivalents, 8.3 (1.8) hours/day of sedentary activity, and spent an average of 61% of their awake time in sedentary activity per day. Significant correlations were found between grip strength on the affected side and the difference in volume between the UL (rp = -.303, P = .041), as well as between body mass index (BMI) and the difference in volume between the UL (rp = .341; P = .020). Moreover, a significant correlation between BMI and the volume of the affected UL was found (rp = .848, P = .000). BMI and grip strength of the affected side were identified as significant predictors of LE, both with P values less than .05. Although physical activity cannot directly prevent LE, it may contribute by helping to control BMI and promote higher levels of grip strength, both of which are important factors in the prediction of LE.