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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A metaplasia intestinal gástrica é uma lesão pré-cancerígena que pode progredir e originar cancro gástrico. A dieta é um dos fatores de risco modificáveis com maior impacto no processo da carcinogénese. No caso da Dieta Mediterrânica, pelas suas características, tem sido associada à prevenção de cancro gástrico. Contudo, o benefício da adoção desta dieta para a prevenção da metaplasia intestinal gástrica ainda carece de investigação. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre a adesão à Dieta Mediterrânica e a presença e severidade de metaplasia intestinal gástrica. População e métodos: Este estudo observacional transversal incluiu 145 indivíduos adultos que foram submetidos a avaliação clínica, avaliação nutricional e endoscopia digestiva alta de alta resolução com narrow band imaging. Enquanto os hábitos alimentares foram avaliados através de um questionário de frequência alimentar validado para a população portuguesa, a adesão à Dieta Mediterrânica foi medida pelo PREvención con Dieta MEDiterránea. Resultados: Dos indivíduos com baixa adesão à Dieta Mediterrânica, 60% apresentava metaplasia intestinal gástrica. A não adesão à Dieta Mediterrânica constituiu um fator de risco para a presença e para a severidade da lesão. A ingestão de folato e de ferro foi superior no grupo sem metaplasia intestinal gástrica. Por outro lado, observou-se uma ingestão de folato significativamente inferior à Dietary Reference Intake no grupo com metaplasia. O grupo com metaplasia intestinal gástrica revelou-se mais cumpridor da Dietary Reference Intake para o sódio. Conclusões: Nesta amostra uma maior adesão à Dieta Mediterrânica foi considerada um fator protetor contra a presença e severidade de metaplasia intestinal gástrica.
ABSTRACT - Background: Gastric intestinal metaplasia is a precancerous injury that may progress and lead to gastric cancer. Diet is one of the major modifiable risk factors that impact carcinogenesis. When it regards the Mediterranean Diet, due to its characteristics, it has been correlated with gastric cancer prevention. However, the benefits of such a diet to avoid gastric intestinal metaplasia are still lacking further clarification. This investigation is aimed at the association between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and the presence and severity of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 145 adult individuals that were subjected to clinical evaluation, nutritional assessment, and upper endoscopy high resolution with narrow-band imaging. While the food habits were analyzed through a food frequency questionnaire validated for the Portuguese population, the adherence to Mediterranean Diet was measured with PREvención con Dieta MEDiterránea. Results: Among the individuals that scored the lowest on the Mediterranean Diet questionnaire, 60% had gastric intestinal metaplasia. Not adhering to Mediterranean Diet represented a risk factor for the existence and extension of that mentioned injury. Concerning, folate and iron intake, both were higher in the group without lesions. Compared with the Dietary Reference intake of folate was lower than the one in the group where metaplasia was detected. On the other hand, compliance of the individuals with said gastric metaplasia to the sodium Dietary Reference Intake was higher than that of healthy ones. Conclusions: In this sample, greater adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was considered a protective factor against the presence and severity of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
ABSTRACT - Background: Gastric intestinal metaplasia is a precancerous injury that may progress and lead to gastric cancer. Diet is one of the major modifiable risk factors that impact carcinogenesis. When it regards the Mediterranean Diet, due to its characteristics, it has been correlated with gastric cancer prevention. However, the benefits of such a diet to avoid gastric intestinal metaplasia are still lacking further clarification. This investigation is aimed at the association between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and the presence and severity of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 145 adult individuals that were subjected to clinical evaluation, nutritional assessment, and upper endoscopy high resolution with narrow-band imaging. While the food habits were analyzed through a food frequency questionnaire validated for the Portuguese population, the adherence to Mediterranean Diet was measured with PREvención con Dieta MEDiterránea. Results: Among the individuals that scored the lowest on the Mediterranean Diet questionnaire, 60% had gastric intestinal metaplasia. Not adhering to Mediterranean Diet represented a risk factor for the existence and extension of that mentioned injury. Concerning, folate and iron intake, both were higher in the group without lesions. Compared with the Dietary Reference intake of folate was lower than the one in the group where metaplasia was detected. On the other hand, compliance of the individuals with said gastric metaplasia to the sodium Dietary Reference Intake was higher than that of healthy ones. Conclusions: In this sample, greater adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was considered a protective factor against the presence and severity of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
Description
Mestrado em Nutrição Clínica
Keywords
Nutrição Metaplasia intestinal gástrica Neoplasia gástrica Dieta mediterrânica Prevenção oncológica Nutrition Gastric intestinal metaplasia Gastric cancer Mediterranean diet Oncological prevention
Citation
Charneca MA. Associação entre a adesão à dieta mediterrânica e a presença e severidade da metaplasia intestinal [dissertation]. Lisboa: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa; Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2021.