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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução – A disseminação pandémica do SARS-CoV-2 levou a um surto de pneumonia viral sem precedentes. Apesar de a caracterização de sequelas pós-COVID-19 constituir o interesse atual da investigação mundial, um elevado grau de desconhecimento regista-se ao nível do impacto funcional que esta doença causa nos idosos que tenham apresentado manifestações moderadas, graves ou críticas. Objetivo – Identificar as principais sequelas na capacidade funcional e respiratória em idosos após o COVID-19. Método – Estudo transversal realizado na comunidade. Avaliou-se a capacidade aeróbia funcional (teste de step de 2 min), perceção da dispneia (modified Medical Research Council), força muscular respiratória e periférica (pressão inspiratória e expiratória máximas, força de preensão manual) e o Índice de Fragilidade (Escala de Fragilidade Clínica) em 25 indivíduos com idade ≥65 anos, residentes na comunidade, com diagnóstico de COVID-19 até seis meses, e em igual número de idosos com as mesmas características sem diagnóstico conhecido de COVID-19. Resultados – Os idosos com diagnóstico de COVID-19 até seis meses apresentaram uma diminuição nos valores de pressão inspiratória máxima (p<0,001), pressão expiratória máxima (p=0,015), na capacidade aeróbia (p<0,001), com presença significativa de dessaturação induzida pelo esforço (p<0,001), valores aumentados de perceção de dispneia (p<0,001) e níveis mais elevados de Índice de Fragilidade (p=0,026). Conclusão – Foram encontradas alterações significativas na capacidade respiratória e funcional em idosos com diagnóstico de COVID-19 até seis meses quando comparados com idosos com características idênticas sem diagnóstico prévio de COVID-19. Estes resultados podem ser um importante indicador na caracterização de sequelas após infeção pelo SARS-CoV-2.
ABSTRACT: Introduction – The pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to an unprecedented outbreak of viral pneumonia. Despite the current focus of worldwide research being the characterization of post-COVID-19 sequelae, the level of functional impact that this disease causes in the elderly who have presented moderate, severe, or critical manifestations is still unknown. Objective – To identify the main sequelae on functional respiratory capacity in elderly people after COVID-19. Methods – A cross-sectional study was carried out in the community. Functional aerobic capacity (2-min step test), dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire), respiratory and peripheral muscle strength (maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure, grip strength), and the Frailty Index (Clinical Fragility Scale) were assessed in 25 individuals aged ≥65 years, living in the community who have had a diagnosis of COVID-19 for up to six months, and in an equal number of elderly people with the same characteristics without a known diagnosis of COVID-19. Results – The elderly with a diagnosis of COVID-19 up to six months presented a decrease in the values of maximum inspiratory pressure (p=0.001) and maximum expiratory pressure (p=0.015), in aerobic capacity (p<0.001) with significant presence of exertion induced desaturation (p<0.001), and increased values of dyspnea perception (p=0.001) and Frailty Index (p=0.026). Conclusion – Significant changes were found in the functional respiratory capacity of elderly patients diagnosed with COVID-19 for up to six months when compared with elderly individuals without a known diagnosis of COVID-19. These results may be an important indicator in the characterization of sequelae in the elderly after infection by SARS-CoV-2.
ABSTRACT: Introduction – The pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to an unprecedented outbreak of viral pneumonia. Despite the current focus of worldwide research being the characterization of post-COVID-19 sequelae, the level of functional impact that this disease causes in the elderly who have presented moderate, severe, or critical manifestations is still unknown. Objective – To identify the main sequelae on functional respiratory capacity in elderly people after COVID-19. Methods – A cross-sectional study was carried out in the community. Functional aerobic capacity (2-min step test), dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire), respiratory and peripheral muscle strength (maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure, grip strength), and the Frailty Index (Clinical Fragility Scale) were assessed in 25 individuals aged ≥65 years, living in the community who have had a diagnosis of COVID-19 for up to six months, and in an equal number of elderly people with the same characteristics without a known diagnosis of COVID-19. Results – The elderly with a diagnosis of COVID-19 up to six months presented a decrease in the values of maximum inspiratory pressure (p=0.001) and maximum expiratory pressure (p=0.015), in aerobic capacity (p<0.001) with significant presence of exertion induced desaturation (p<0.001), and increased values of dyspnea perception (p=0.001) and Frailty Index (p=0.026). Conclusion – Significant changes were found in the functional respiratory capacity of elderly patients diagnosed with COVID-19 for up to six months when compared with elderly individuals without a known diagnosis of COVID-19. These results may be an important indicator in the characterization of sequelae in the elderly after infection by SARS-CoV-2.
Description
Keywords
COVID-19 Idosos Capacidade respiratória funcional Pressões respiratórias Força de preensão Elderly Functional respiratory capacity Respiratory pressures Handgrip strength
Citation
Pereira FA, Tomás MT. Capacidade respiratória e funcional em idosos após COVID-19: um estudo transversal. Saúde & Tecnologia. 2023;(28):70-8.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa