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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O objectivo desta dissertação, é o desenvolvimento de um dispositivo, com a capacidade de
adquirir informação sobre os parâmetros ambientais e a energia, de armários SLAT (Sistemas
Luminosos Automáticos de Trânsito). Esta captura de informação irá ser feita através
de sensores colocados nos armários SLAT. Este sistema irá transmitir a informação capturada
através de uma rede IoT. Para realizar estes objectivos terá de se fazer um estudo sobre
redes de comunicação IoT, que sejam capazes de transferir a informação adquirida à entidade
detentora da infraestrutura. Esta rede terá de possibilitar a comunicação de sensores
de baixa potência a grandes distâncias.
Ao longo desta dissertação foi estudado o LoRaWAN, Sigfox e NB-IoT com o intuito de
determinar qual tecnologia IoT é a mais apropriada, tendo em conta os objectivos desta
dissertação.
Nesta dissertação foi feito um levantamento dos requisitos do dispositivo e dos sensores que
o compõem. Sendo que após este levantamento foi feito um estudo de mercado dos sensores
disponíveis, finalizando este com uma comparação entre os sensores para determinar quais
eram os que iam de encontro com os objectivos desta dissertação. Com os sensores escolhidos
foi feito um estudo de soluções de alimentação possíveis para este protótipo tendo em
conta as condições previstas de utilização. Com este estudo feito, apresentou-se a aplicação
de teste e o ambiente escolhido para a desenvolver.
Com o dispositivo desenvolvido, foram feitos testes para obter e estudar resultados em ambientes
reais. Inicialmente realizou-se uns testes preliminares com o intuito de ter um ponto
de comparação quando se passar para os testes num ambiente mais realista. Nestes testes
foram feitos um levantamento de várias condições, tal como a construção do armário e se
existe linha de vista com a gateway.
Finalmente foi feito o planeamento da rede, este é composto pela determinação dos requisitos
e o que os influência, cálculo da cobertura tendo em base a utilização de uma ferramenta
de planeamento rádio, o link budget e cálculo da capacidade. Este planeamento foi finalizado
com um exemplo teórico das localizações das gateways e um resultado de uma simulação da
cobertura de Lisboa.
The objective of this dissertation is the development of a device, with the ability to acquire information on environmental parameters and energy, from SLAT cabinets (Automatic Traffic Light Systems). This information capture will be done through sensors placed in the SLAT cabinets. This system will transmit the captured information through an IoT network. In order to achieve these objectives, a study will be carried out on IoT communication networks, which are able to transfer the acquired information to the entity holding the infrastructure. This network will have to enable the communication of low power sensors over long distances. Throughout this dissertation, LoRaWAN, Sigfox and NB-IoT were studied in order to determine which IoT technology is the most appropriate, taking into account the objectives of this dissertation. In this dissertation, a survey was made of the requirements of the device and the sensors that comprise it. After this survey, a market study of the available sensors was carried out, concluding this with a comparison between the sensors to determine which were the ones that met the objectives of this dissertation. With the chosen sensors, a study was made of possible power solutions for this prototype taking into account the expected conditions of use. With this study done, the test application and the environment chosen to develop it were presented. With the device developed, tests were carried out to obtain and study results in real environments. Initially, preliminary tests were carried out in order to have a point of comparison when going to the tests in a more realistic environment. In these tests, a survey of various conditions was made, such as the construction of the cabinet and whether there is a line of sight with the gateway. Finally, network planning was done, which consists of determining the requirements and what influences them, calculating the coverage based on the use of a radio planning tool, the link budget and calculating the capacity. This planning was completed with a theoretical example of the gateways' locations and a result of a simulation of the Lisbon coverage.
The objective of this dissertation is the development of a device, with the ability to acquire information on environmental parameters and energy, from SLAT cabinets (Automatic Traffic Light Systems). This information capture will be done through sensors placed in the SLAT cabinets. This system will transmit the captured information through an IoT network. In order to achieve these objectives, a study will be carried out on IoT communication networks, which are able to transfer the acquired information to the entity holding the infrastructure. This network will have to enable the communication of low power sensors over long distances. Throughout this dissertation, LoRaWAN, Sigfox and NB-IoT were studied in order to determine which IoT technology is the most appropriate, taking into account the objectives of this dissertation. In this dissertation, a survey was made of the requirements of the device and the sensors that comprise it. After this survey, a market study of the available sensors was carried out, concluding this with a comparison between the sensors to determine which were the ones that met the objectives of this dissertation. With the chosen sensors, a study was made of possible power solutions for this prototype taking into account the expected conditions of use. With this study done, the test application and the environment chosen to develop it were presented. With the device developed, tests were carried out to obtain and study results in real environments. Initially, preliminary tests were carried out in order to have a point of comparison when going to the tests in a more realistic environment. In these tests, a survey of various conditions was made, such as the construction of the cabinet and whether there is a line of sight with the gateway. Finally, network planning was done, which consists of determining the requirements and what influences them, calculating the coverage based on the use of a radio planning tool, the link budget and calculating the capacity. This planning was completed with a theoretical example of the gateways' locations and a result of a simulation of the Lisbon coverage.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Electrónica e de Telecomunicações
Keywords
LPWAN LoRaWAN TTN Redes móveis Mobile networks Arduino
Citation
CORDEIRO, Filipe Costa - Monitorização de equipamentos semafóricos através de uma rede IoT. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2019. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa