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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
90Y-Zevalin e 131I-Bexxar são os dois radiofármacos de eleição no tratamento de
Linfoma Não-Hodgkin. Porém o tratamento com estes radiofármacos não é isento de efeitos secundários. Uma das formas de se tentar diminuir esses efeitos é através da diminuição da dose administrada ao paciente. No entanto, diminuir a dose administrada traz consigo uma redução da sua eficácia terapêutica. Manter ou aumentar os benefícios clínicos da radioimunoterapia e diminuir as doses de radiação só é possível caso a célula se encontre mais vulnerável aos efeitos radiotóxicos dos radiofármacos.
Agentes radiosensibilizadores começam a ser estudados tendo as farmacopeias tradicionais como ponto de partida. Os fitoquímicos têm-se mostrado promissores como radioprotetores, radiorecuperadores e/ou radiosensibilizadores. A curcumina é um fitoquímico presente no caril, com fortes efeitos radiosensibilizadores e atividade
anti-tumorigénica comprovada. No entanto, possui uma fraca biobisponibilidade pelo que é necessário pensar em estratégias diferentes de garantir uma máxima ação radiosensibilizadora. Uma estratégia que começa a ser explorada consiste no encapsulamento da curcumina em nanopartículas. Este projeto pretende estimular o interesse nessa área da terapêutica em Medicina Nuclear. O projeto consiste na preparação de nanopartículas contendo curcumina e funcionalizadas com anticorpos com afinidade para antigénios presentes nas células do Linfoma Não Hodgkin e na avaliação da influência da curcumina encapsulada nas nanopartículas nos efeitos citotóxicos dos radiofármacos com consequente estudos dos mecanismos celulares associados.
ABSTRACT - 90Y-Zevalin and 131I-Bexxar are both radiopharmaceuticals of choice in the treatment of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However treatment with these radiopharmaceuticals is not without side effects. One of the ways to try to reduce these effects is by reducing the dose administered to the patient. However decreasing the dose administered brings a reduction of its therapeutic effectiveness. Maintain or increase the clinical benefits of radioimmunotherapy and lower radiation doses is only possible if the cell finds itself more vulnerable to the effects of radiotoxic radiopharmaceuticals. Radiosensitizers agents are beginning to be studied using the traditional pharmacopoeias as a starting point. Phytochemicals have proven themselves promising as radioprotective, radiorecovery and/or radiosensitizers agents. Curcumin is a phytochemical present in curries, with strong radiosensitizer effect and proven antitumorigenic activity. However bioavailability has been weak so it´s necessary to think of different strategies to ensure maximum radiosensibilization. A strategy that is beginning to be explored is the encapsulation of curcumin into nanoparticles. This project aims to stimulate interest in this area of therapeutic nuclear medicine. The project consists of preparing nanoparticles containing curcumin and functionalized with antibodies having affinity for antigens present on cells of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and in the evaluation of the influence of curcumin nanoparticles to the cytotoxic effects of radiopharmaceuticals with consequent studies of associated cellular mechanisms.
ABSTRACT - 90Y-Zevalin and 131I-Bexxar are both radiopharmaceuticals of choice in the treatment of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However treatment with these radiopharmaceuticals is not without side effects. One of the ways to try to reduce these effects is by reducing the dose administered to the patient. However decreasing the dose administered brings a reduction of its therapeutic effectiveness. Maintain or increase the clinical benefits of radioimmunotherapy and lower radiation doses is only possible if the cell finds itself more vulnerable to the effects of radiotoxic radiopharmaceuticals. Radiosensitizers agents are beginning to be studied using the traditional pharmacopoeias as a starting point. Phytochemicals have proven themselves promising as radioprotective, radiorecovery and/or radiosensitizers agents. Curcumin is a phytochemical present in curries, with strong radiosensitizer effect and proven antitumorigenic activity. However bioavailability has been weak so it´s necessary to think of different strategies to ensure maximum radiosensibilization. A strategy that is beginning to be explored is the encapsulation of curcumin into nanoparticles. This project aims to stimulate interest in this area of therapeutic nuclear medicine. The project consists of preparing nanoparticles containing curcumin and functionalized with antibodies having affinity for antigens present on cells of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and in the evaluation of the influence of curcumin nanoparticles to the cytotoxic effects of radiopharmaceuticals with consequent studies of associated cellular mechanisms.
Description
Mestrado em Medicina Nuclear. Área de especialização: Radiofarmácia.
Keywords
Medicina nuclear Agentes radiosensibilizadores Radioimunoterapia Linfoma Não-Hodgkin Curcumina Nanopartículas Nuclear medicine Radiosensitizer agents Radioimmunotherapy Non Hodgkin Lymphoma Curcumin Nanoparticles
Citation
Lemos ND. Agentes fitoquímicos como radio-sensibilizadores na terapêutica em medicina nuclear [Dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2013.
Publisher
Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa