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Hate speech on social media: behaviour of Portuguese football fans on Facebook

2023-06-29Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorMiranda, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorGouveia, Célia
dc.contributor.authorDi Fátima, Branco
dc.contributor.authorAntunes, Ana Cristina
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-30T08:53:12Z
dc.date.available2023-06-30T08:53:12Z
dc.date.issued2023-06-29
dc.description.abstractThis article examines how Facebook is shaping the nature of hate speech. The observation field is the Facebook pages of the 18 Portuguese football clubs of the Portuguese League – the main professional competition in the country. Data extraction was performed automatically via Facebook Graph API in the first three months of the 2020/2021 season. The analysed dataset has 5,192 publications and 276,231 fan comments, which regis-tered over 5 million reactions (like, haha, love, sad, wow, etc.). The findings reveal that the volume of hate speech material on Facebook pages has a low incidence. In any case, the most significant comments are racists, xenophobes, and regional antagonisms. These cases are also the ones that have attracted the most reactions from fans.en
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationMiranda, S., Gouveia, C., Di Fátima, B. & Antunes, A.C. (2023). Hate speech on social media: behaviour of Portuguese football fans on Facebook. Soccer & Society, 24(5), 1-16. DOI: 10.1080/14660970.2023.2230452pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/14660970.2023.2230452pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn1743-9590
dc.identifier.issn1466-0970
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/16258
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherTaylor & Francispt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/14660970.2023.2230452?needAccess=true&role=buttonpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectHate speechen
dc.subjectCyber hateen
dc.subjectSocceren
dc.subjectSocial mediaen
dc.subjectPortugalpt_PT
dc.titleHate speech on social media: behaviour of Portuguese football fans on Facebooken
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceLondonpt_PT
oaire.citation.endPage16pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleSoccer & Societypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume24(5)pt_PT
person.familyNameLopes Miranda
person.familyNameGouveia
person.familyNameDi Fátima
person.familyNameCoelho Antunes
person.givenNameSandra Marisa
person.givenNameCélia
person.givenNameBranco
person.givenNameAna Cristina
person.identifier.ciencia-id681E-05F5-C887
person.identifier.ciencia-id8515-4983-A361
person.identifier.ciencia-id2D13-2F76-689F
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5544-5942
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5721-8922
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6981-7228
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8983-2062
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57202535132
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublicationcc9b4887-51ea-4b66-9a35-eac38756ce64
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relation.isAuthorOfPublicationeb47adf1-2379-4d68-9a38-d2d9a19059b9
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverycc9b4887-51ea-4b66-9a35-eac38756ce64

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