Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-06-29"
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- Hate speech on social media: behaviour of Portuguese football fans on FacebookPublication . Miranda, Sandra; Gouveia, Célia; Di Fátima, Branco; Antunes, Ana CristinaThis article examines how Facebook is shaping the nature of hate speech. The observation field is the Facebook pages of the 18 Portuguese football clubs of the Portuguese League – the main professional competition in the country. Data extraction was performed automatically via Facebook Graph API in the first three months of the 2020/2021 season. The analysed dataset has 5,192 publications and 276,231 fan comments, which regis-tered over 5 million reactions (like, haha, love, sad, wow, etc.). The findings reveal that the volume of hate speech material on Facebook pages has a low incidence. In any case, the most significant comments are racists, xenophobes, and regional antagonisms. These cases are also the ones that have attracted the most reactions from fans.