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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução – O número de mulheres sobreviventes de cancro de mama tem vindo a aumentar, constatando-se um elevado número de mulheres com sequelas das várias terapias oncológicas realizadas, entre as quais se destaca o linfedema, que pode comprometer a funcionalidade do membro superior e afetar significativamente a qualidade de vida. Vários estudos indicam que o exercício físico (EF) tem um efeito benéfico ao nível da qualidade de vida dos sobreviventes por cancro. Objetivo – Identificar o efeito do exercício físico na prevenção e tratamento do linfedema secundário por cancro de mama. Métodos – Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura, recorrendo às bases de dados PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science e Sport Discus. Foram considerados estudos randomizados controlados, sem limite temporal, escritos em português ou inglês, realizados em mulheres, com idade superior a 18 anos, submetidas a tratamentos para a doença em questão e com qualidade metodológica ≥5 na escala PEDro. Resultados – Foram selecionados 14 estudos, englobando uma amostra de 2.478 mulheres. Constatou-se que o EF não agravou o linfedema, diminuindo até a sua incidência em 70%. Verificou-se também a melhoria do volume e composição do membro em questão pelo aumento da massa muscular e diminuição da massa adiposa. Assim, demonstrou-se que a prática de EF, com as componentes de treino de resistência da muscular e treino aeróbio, é recomendada para todas as mulheres submetidas a este tipo de tratamentos, mesmo na ausência de linfedema.
ABSTRACT - Introduction – The number of women who have survived breast cancer treatments has increased in the last years with the improvements in therapies and techniques. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the response to these women. Evidence suggests this treatment causes fatigue, pain, poor quality of life, less arm range of motion, and lymphedema. Evidence also indicates that physical exercise (PE) improves the quality of life of cancer survivors. Objective – To verify how and which physical exercise characteristics can prevent and treat breast cancer-related lymphedema. Methods – A systematic review was carried out using PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, and Sport Discus as databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) were selected if written in English or Portuguese without a time limit and with ≥5 on PEDro scale. The population was women over 18 who submitted to breast cancer treatments. Results – Fourteen studies were selected, 2478 women. The analyzed evidence suggests that PE does not exacerbate breast cancer-related lymphedema and can even improve the composition of the arm (a reduction of the fat mass and an increase of the lean mass). It was possible to acknowledge to understand that physical exercise can prevent the incidence of lymphedema by 70%. It was demonstrated that PE (resistance training and aerobic exercise) is recommended for all women undergoing this type of treatment, even in the absence of lymphedema.
ABSTRACT - Introduction – The number of women who have survived breast cancer treatments has increased in the last years with the improvements in therapies and techniques. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the response to these women. Evidence suggests this treatment causes fatigue, pain, poor quality of life, less arm range of motion, and lymphedema. Evidence also indicates that physical exercise (PE) improves the quality of life of cancer survivors. Objective – To verify how and which physical exercise characteristics can prevent and treat breast cancer-related lymphedema. Methods – A systematic review was carried out using PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, and Sport Discus as databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) were selected if written in English or Portuguese without a time limit and with ≥5 on PEDro scale. The population was women over 18 who submitted to breast cancer treatments. Results – Fourteen studies were selected, 2478 women. The analyzed evidence suggests that PE does not exacerbate breast cancer-related lymphedema and can even improve the composition of the arm (a reduction of the fat mass and an increase of the lean mass). It was possible to acknowledge to understand that physical exercise can prevent the incidence of lymphedema by 70%. It was demonstrated that PE (resistance training and aerobic exercise) is recommended for all women undergoing this type of treatment, even in the absence of lymphedema.
Description
Keywords
Cancro da mama Linfedema secundário Exercício físico Fisioterapia Treino aeróbio Treino de resistência muscular Breast cancer Lymphedema Physical exercise Physiotherapy Aerobic training Muscle strength training
Citation
Marques MB, Neto CM, Tomás MT. O papel do exercício físico na prevenção e tratamento do linfedema secundário por cancro de mama: revisão sistemática. Saúde & Tecnologia. 2023;(29):e745.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa