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Authors
Abstract(s)
Para o dimensionamento de redes de águas de combate contra incêndios é necessário ter
em consideração o Regulamento Técnico de Segurança Contra Incêndio em Edifícios
(SCIE), publicado através da Portaria nº 1532/2008, e um conjunto de Despachos
publicados pela Associação Nacional de Protecção Civil (ANPC). A referida
regulamentação, em particular a Portaria nº 1532/2008, tem levantado dúvidas, na esfera
da comunidade técnica, sobre a sua interpretação em alguns aspectos de concepção e
dimensionamento das redes de 2ª intervenção. É neste contexto que se realizou uma
pesquisa bibliográfica, aprofundou-se o conhecimento da legislação vigente e consultouse
a comunidade técnica portuguesa envolvida na concepção, dimensionamento,
fornecimento de material e instalação de redes de água de segurança contra incêndios.
Foram também consultados os Bombeiros e a Autoridade Nacional de Protecção Civil.
Após a realização da análise crítica à informação recolhida, foi possível elaborar um
conjunto de sugestões de reformulação à legislação portuguesa vigente, que permitissem
dimensionar as redes de 2ª intervenção de forma inequívoca. Em particular, definiram-se
critérios que permitissem a selecção de bocas de incêndio armada do tipo teatro (BIATT)
comerciais, que cumprissem conjuntamente os parâmetros hidráulicos de
dimensionamento e o factor K especificado na norma NP EN 671-2. Neste caso, o factor K
é o coeficiente de descarga da BIATT, dado pelo quociente entre o caudal e a raiz quadrada
da pressão nessa boca de incêndio.
Para exibir as diferenças que resultam da aplicação da regulamentação vigente e da
reformulação proposta, efectuou-se o dimensionamento das redes de 2ª intervenção para
cinco casos de estudos em edifícios habitacionais (UT I) e edifícios de espectáculos (UT
VI). Para avaliar as implicações económicas resultantes da aplicação das sugestões
propostas efectuou-se um estudo comparativo, tendo-se concluído que as alterações
propostas permitem uma redução 9% a 31% do custo total da rede de águas de 2ª
intervenção, consoante o caso de estudo em análise.
Within the Portuguese legal framework, the design of firefighting water networks in buildings is governed by the Fire Safety in Buildings Technical Standard (RT-SCIE), published in Portaria 1532/2008, as well as a set of guidelines emitted by the Portuguese National Civil Protection Authority (ANPC). Such regulations, namely the Buildings Technical Standard, have been a source of uncertainty for the technical community since its interpretation on subjects involved in the design of Means of Secondary Intervention has been disputed. Considering this, a critical review was set up, current laws and standards were analysed in depth and a wide enquire was promoted towards the technical community. Among the consulted entities are the designers, sellers, installers, firefighters and the authorities. With the collected information, and based both in written articles and experts’ opinions, a set of suggestions to modify the Portuguese legal framework was prepared. Its goal is to allow the design of firefighting water networks in buildings to become more intelligible and avoid some of the reported problems. Among those suggestions is the definition of criteria to selecting Theatre Type Fire Hydrants that allow fulfilling both the code defined hydraulic design parameters and the K factor specified on EN 671‑2 standard. In this case, K factor represents the quotient between the flow ratio and the square root of the pressure in the Theatre Type Fire Hydrant. In order to show the differences between current code specifications and its proposed modifications, five case studies have been used. For those cases (residential buildings and show rooms) firefighting water networks were designed. To evaluate the economic impact of applying such suggestions, a comparative study was performed. It was possible to conclude that the regulations alterations would able to reduce the total costs of the water network system, from 9% to 31% depending on each case studied.
Within the Portuguese legal framework, the design of firefighting water networks in buildings is governed by the Fire Safety in Buildings Technical Standard (RT-SCIE), published in Portaria 1532/2008, as well as a set of guidelines emitted by the Portuguese National Civil Protection Authority (ANPC). Such regulations, namely the Buildings Technical Standard, have been a source of uncertainty for the technical community since its interpretation on subjects involved in the design of Means of Secondary Intervention has been disputed. Considering this, a critical review was set up, current laws and standards were analysed in depth and a wide enquire was promoted towards the technical community. Among the consulted entities are the designers, sellers, installers, firefighters and the authorities. With the collected information, and based both in written articles and experts’ opinions, a set of suggestions to modify the Portuguese legal framework was prepared. Its goal is to allow the design of firefighting water networks in buildings to become more intelligible and avoid some of the reported problems. Among those suggestions is the definition of criteria to selecting Theatre Type Fire Hydrants that allow fulfilling both the code defined hydraulic design parameters and the K factor specified on EN 671‑2 standard. In this case, K factor represents the quotient between the flow ratio and the square root of the pressure in the Theatre Type Fire Hydrant. In order to show the differences between current code specifications and its proposed modifications, five case studies have been used. For those cases (residential buildings and show rooms) firefighting water networks were designed. To evaluate the economic impact of applying such suggestions, a comparative study was performed. It was possible to conclude that the regulations alterations would able to reduce the total costs of the water network system, from 9% to 31% depending on each case studied.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Meios de segunda intervenção Means of secondary intervention Factor K K Factor Bocas de incêndio armada do tipo teatro Theatre type fire hydrant Segurança contra incêndio em edifícios Fire safety in buildings
Citation
SOUSA, Ana Margarida Luís de - Dimensionamento das redes de água de segunda intervenção. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2018. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa