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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este projeto teve como âmbito a elaboração de um modelo computacional em software
comercial, neste caso o SolidWorks. O modelo desenvolvido consegue simular de forma
real a colisão entre carruagens, servindo de protótipo virtual para testes e análise
detalhada de colisões e suas consequências.
Com base em artigos científicos onde o modelo foi validado experimentalmente, foi
efetuado um estudo tendo-se utilizado um modelo inicial, em que uma carruagem colide
com outra a uma certa velocidade inicial e onde é igualmente representada a estrutura de
absorção de energia existente na carruagem que se encontra parada. O deslocamento
desta estrutura, corresponderá a deformação da mesma.
É definida uma força de contacto entre uma carruagem parada e a sua estrutura de
absorção, através de uma curva força-deslocamento que caracteriza o comportamento
estrutural da mesma durante a colisão. Os resultados obtidos no simulador dependerão
desta força podendo assim ser parametrizado para outras condições de velocidades,
dimensões e/ou massas diferentes, que permitam caracterizar outras carruagens.
A simulação do deslocamento das duas carruagens após a colisão foi o grande desafio.
A necessidade de criação de um mecanismo que evitasse o seu afastamento e permitisse
simular com rigor a absorção de energia das estruturas durante a colisão foi o culminar
deste projeto, conseguido através de inúmeras experiências, análises e definições de
parâmetros e modelos.
Este projeto, transformou um modelo computacional, numa ferramenta interessante de
simulação de colisões, com utilidade importante para a indústria de projeto e fabrico de
carruagens e suas estruturas inerentes de segurança passiva.
This project involved the elaboration of a computational model in commercial software, in this case SolidWorks. The developed model can realistically simulate the collision between carriages, serving as a virtual prototype for testing and detailed analysis of collisions and their consequences. Based on scientific articles where the model was experimentally validated, a study was carried out using the initial model, in which a car-body collides with another, at a certain initial velocity and where the car-body energy absorption structure is represented. The displacement of this structure will correspond to is deformation An action-reaction force between the stationary car-body and its absorption structure it’s defined by a force-displacement curve, which characterizes the structural behavior of the structure during the collision. The results given by the simulator will depend on this defined force whatever it may be, and can be used in different situations with other velocities, dimensions and/or masses which allow to define other carriages. The simulation of the uniform displacement of the two car-bodies, which should follow together after the collision, was the challenge. The need to create a mechanism that avoided its separation and allowed to simulate the energy absorption of the structures during the collision was the culmination of this project, achieved through numerous experiments, analysis and parameter/models definitions. This project has transformed a computational model into an interesting collision simulation tool, with important utility to the train’s and associated passive safety structures project and production industry.
This project involved the elaboration of a computational model in commercial software, in this case SolidWorks. The developed model can realistically simulate the collision between carriages, serving as a virtual prototype for testing and detailed analysis of collisions and their consequences. Based on scientific articles where the model was experimentally validated, a study was carried out using the initial model, in which a car-body collides with another, at a certain initial velocity and where the car-body energy absorption structure is represented. The displacement of this structure will correspond to is deformation An action-reaction force between the stationary car-body and its absorption structure it’s defined by a force-displacement curve, which characterizes the structural behavior of the structure during the collision. The results given by the simulator will depend on this defined force whatever it may be, and can be used in different situations with other velocities, dimensions and/or masses which allow to define other carriages. The simulation of the uniform displacement of the two car-bodies, which should follow together after the collision, was the challenge. The need to create a mechanism that avoided its separation and allowed to simulate the energy absorption of the structures during the collision was the culmination of this project, achieved through numerous experiments, analysis and parameter/models definitions. This project has transformed a computational model into an interesting collision simulation tool, with important utility to the train’s and associated passive safety structures project and production industry.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Modelo de comboio Train Análise de colisões Crash analysis Corpos múltiplos Multibody Resistência à colisão Crashworthiness Otimização Optimization
Citation
NEGRÃO, André Luís - Projeto de segurança passiva em comboios. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2018. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa