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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo do processo de engarrafamento e embalamento das águas e análise detalhada do processo com vista à implementação do controlo estatístico do processo. Assim numa primeira fase consistiu na compreensão do controlo da qualidade que é realizado ao longo de todo o processo desde a captação de águas ao controlo do processo de engarrafamento até ao embalamento do produto final. Foi realizado um diagnóstico ao controlo de qualidade efetuado pela empresa e um estudo sobre as ferramentas de controlo estatístico de processos e sua aplicabilidade à empresa Águas do Vimeiro. Com base no diagnóstico efetuado foi possível constatar o elevado número de características da qualidade para as várias fases do processo de produção da empresa águas do Vimeiro e também identificar algumas fragilidades do tipo de controlo de qualidade usado pela organização. Nesse sentido estudaram-se os principais tipos de cartas de controlo a utilizar na organização e selecionaram-se os pontos de controlo onde o presente trabalho incidiu, nomeadamente a linha de enchimento PET e a linha de enchimento Vidro bem como as características da qualidade a medir e controlar.
O presente trabalho consistiu na aplicação de cartas de controlo para os processos de produção de engarrafamento de água gaseificada, lisa e original em linha PET e vidro, nas fases de enchimento e embalamento. Na fase de enchimento utilizaram-se as cartas 𝑋 ̅ e 𝑅 na Fase 1 e Fase 2 do controlo estatístico. Para a etapa do embalamento optou-se pelas cartas 𝑋 e 𝑀𝑅, na fase 1, e as cartas ZX e W MR na Fase 2. Foram feitos estudos de capacidade do processo e foram identificadas as situações onde o processo se encontrava deslocado face ao valor alvo de especificação. Também foi possível estudar a variabilidade em função do intervalo de especificação para as várias características da qualidade em estudo com o objetivo de implementar medidas para melhorar os processos. Este trabalho veio assim dar resposta ao objetivo da organização em implantar um conjunto de procedimentos e técnicas capazes de transmitir máxima confiança de que um determinado nível de qualidade estava a ser alcançado ao mais baixo custo. As técnicas estatísticas de controlo e melhoria da qualidade utilizadas podem auxiliar a empresa a medir, analisar, interpretar e modelar a variabilidade que se observa no desempenho de diversas atividades. A análise estatística dos dados auxilia a organização a obter uma melhor compreensão da natureza e extensão das causas de variabilidade auxiliando assim a solucionar e até a resolver problemas que possam resultar das várias fontes de variação.
The main goal of this work is the establishment and implementation of statistical process control of the whole process of Vimeiro’s water bottles production, from the water collection to the bottling and packing steps. The first phase of this work was focused on comprehending the quality control that was already employed on the production pipeline all the way from the collection to the packing of the final product. A quality control diagnosis was carried by the company and a study on the tools used for statistical process control and respective applicability to Águas do Vimeiro was carried out. Based on the diagnosis, it was possible to assess a high number of quality characteristics for the various phases of the company’s production process and also to identify some of the weaknesses in the quality control strategy used by the company. Regarding this last aspect, the main types of control charts to be used in the process’ quality control were assessed and selected accordingly and the control points in which the present work focused were selected, namely the PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) and glass filling lines, as the quality characteristics to be measured and to control. The present work consists in the application of control charts for the production processes of bottled carbonated, smooth and original water in PET and glass bottles, in both the filling and packaging phases. For the filling stage, the 𝑋 ̅ and 𝑅 were used in the phases 1 and 2 of the statistical control. For the packaging stage, the 𝑋 and 𝑀𝑅 charts were chosen for phase 1, while the ZX and W MR charts were used for phase 2. Process capacity studies were carried out and some settings used were found to be out of step with the target specification value. It was also possible to study the variability as a function of the specification range for the various quality characteristics under study in order to implement measures to improve the processes. This work thus responded to the organization’s objectives for the implementation of a set of procedures and techniques capable of transmitting maximum confidence that a certain quality standard was achieved at the minimum cost. The statistical techniques of quality control and improvement used can guide the company measuring, analysing, interpreting and improving the variability observed in the performance of different activities. Statistical analysis of the data helps the organization to better understand the nature and the extension of the causes of variability, thereby helping to solve problems that may result from several and various sources of variation.
The main goal of this work is the establishment and implementation of statistical process control of the whole process of Vimeiro’s water bottles production, from the water collection to the bottling and packing steps. The first phase of this work was focused on comprehending the quality control that was already employed on the production pipeline all the way from the collection to the packing of the final product. A quality control diagnosis was carried by the company and a study on the tools used for statistical process control and respective applicability to Águas do Vimeiro was carried out. Based on the diagnosis, it was possible to assess a high number of quality characteristics for the various phases of the company’s production process and also to identify some of the weaknesses in the quality control strategy used by the company. Regarding this last aspect, the main types of control charts to be used in the process’ quality control were assessed and selected accordingly and the control points in which the present work focused were selected, namely the PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) and glass filling lines, as the quality characteristics to be measured and to control. The present work consists in the application of control charts for the production processes of bottled carbonated, smooth and original water in PET and glass bottles, in both the filling and packaging phases. For the filling stage, the 𝑋 ̅ and 𝑅 were used in the phases 1 and 2 of the statistical control. For the packaging stage, the 𝑋 and 𝑀𝑅 charts were chosen for phase 1, while the ZX and W MR charts were used for phase 2. Process capacity studies were carried out and some settings used were found to be out of step with the target specification value. It was also possible to study the variability as a function of the specification range for the various quality characteristics under study in order to implement measures to improve the processes. This work thus responded to the organization’s objectives for the implementation of a set of procedures and techniques capable of transmitting maximum confidence that a certain quality standard was achieved at the minimum cost. The statistical techniques of quality control and improvement used can guide the company measuring, analysing, interpreting and improving the variability observed in the performance of different activities. Statistical analysis of the data helps the organization to better understand the nature and the extension of the causes of variability, thereby helping to solve problems that may result from several and various sources of variation.
Description
Trabalho de projeto ou dissertação de natureza científica para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia da Qualidade e Ambiente
Keywords
Qualidade Quality Indústria alimentar Food industry Cartas de controlo Control charts Capacidade do processo Process Capability R & R SPC
Citation
GOMES, Vânia Sofia Bernardes - Controlo estatístico do processo na empresa das águas do Vimeiro. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2020. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa