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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho surge numa tentativa de colmatar uma lacuna energética observada
no processo de redução de pressão do gás natural, onde a energia de pressão
do gás é, actualmente, desperdiçada por válvulas redutoras.
Por forma a actuar sobre esta má utilização energética, são propostas máquinas do
tipo parafuso como candidatas, adequadas, para realizar a extracção da energia de
pressão contida no gás, durante este processo.
Ao estudar compressores do tipo parafuso, com o objectivo de preencher esta lacuna
encontrada, actualmente, no processo de redução de pressão do gás natural,
pretende-se não só incentivar o estudo e implementação deste tipo de máquinas, actualmente
detido estritamente por fabricantes, como, também, chamar à atenção e
actuar sobre o actual paradigma energético, cuja exigência de melhores e mais e cientes
práticas de exploração e utilização energética se torna cada vez mais evidente
e necessária.
Desta forma, é desenvolvido um modelo, teórico, no qual se tenta avaliar, de forma
preliminar, a instalação e utilização de expansores do tipo parafuso em postos de
redução e medição de gás natural, onde é contornada a necessidade, actual, de
um conhecimento prévio de uma geometria preliminar dos per s dos rotores da
máquina. Desta forma facilitando-se o crescimento de aplicações relacionadas com
estas máquinas, ao eliminar necessidades de know-how prévio.
O modelo desenvolvido não só respeita a física do problema, como demonstra resultados
promissores ao ser capaz de acompanhar os resultados obtidos em estudos
paralelos, como análises exergéticas, e ao corresponder com exactidão aos dados
fornecidos, de potência, do caso de estudo considerado.
Contudo, não deixa de ser considerado que o modelo necessita de mais oportunidades
de aplicação, por forma a ser possível concluir, com certeza, acerca da sua viabilidade
e aplicabilidade.
The present work arises from the attempt to ll an energy gap spotted in the natural gas pressure reduction process, where the pressure energy from the gas is currently being wasted by pressure reduction valves. In order to act against this energy waste, twin screw machines are proposed as suitable candidates to harness the pressure energy held by the gas during this process. By studying twin screw expanders, in order to ll this gap found in the current natural gas pressure reduction process, it's intended to increase the study and implementation of twin screw machines, which is currently strictly held by companies. By these means it's also hoped to warn and act upon the current energy paradigm, which is increasingly demanding better and more e cient energy exploitation and use. Therefore, a theoretical model is developed, in which is attempted to perform a preliminary evaluation of twin screw expanders installation and utilization within natural gas reduction and measurement stations, where the current need of previously known rotor geometries is by-passed, fostering the implementation of these machines by eliminating some previous know-how needs. The developed model seems to respect the problem's physical constraints, showing promising results as it holds, against some parallel studies, such as an exergy analysis, and is able to match power output measured in a selected case study. Nonetheless, the model still needs further testing in order to really conclude about its feasibility and applicability.
The present work arises from the attempt to ll an energy gap spotted in the natural gas pressure reduction process, where the pressure energy from the gas is currently being wasted by pressure reduction valves. In order to act against this energy waste, twin screw machines are proposed as suitable candidates to harness the pressure energy held by the gas during this process. By studying twin screw expanders, in order to ll this gap found in the current natural gas pressure reduction process, it's intended to increase the study and implementation of twin screw machines, which is currently strictly held by companies. By these means it's also hoped to warn and act upon the current energy paradigm, which is increasingly demanding better and more e cient energy exploitation and use. Therefore, a theoretical model is developed, in which is attempted to perform a preliminary evaluation of twin screw expanders installation and utilization within natural gas reduction and measurement stations, where the current need of previously known rotor geometries is by-passed, fostering the implementation of these machines by eliminating some previous know-how needs. The developed model seems to respect the problem's physical constraints, showing promising results as it holds, against some parallel studies, such as an exergy analysis, and is able to match power output measured in a selected case study. Nonetheless, the model still needs further testing in order to really conclude about its feasibility and applicability.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Gás natural Natural gas Redução de pressão Pressure reduction Produção de energia Energy production Expansores volumétricos Volumetric expanders Expansor do tipo parafuso Twin screw expander
Citation
REIS, João Filipe Ferreira - Introdução de um expansor do tipo parafuso no processo de redução de pressão do gás natural. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2020. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa