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Abstract(s)
No presente trabalho durante o estágio no ICTPOL(IST) foram sintetizados alguns polióis poliéster saturados a partir dos ácidos gordos diméricos Unidyme®14 e Unidyme ®18 da Arizona Chemicals e dois dióis, etileno glicol e 1,4-butanodiol, através do mecanismo reaccional de policondensação. Foram estudadas as variáveis que afectam a produção dos poliésteres-poliois baseados nestes, tais como a viscosidade, cor, peso molecular e o valor ácido e hidróxido, todos com especial interesse comercial para especificação do produto final.
Foi estudado um método mais rápido para determinação aproximada do peso molecular de um determinado poliol, que habitualmente tem tempos elevados de análise e não é muito económico e ecológico
O ácido gordo dimérico Unidyme®14, tendo na sua constituição uma percentagem de dímero de 94%, e o Unidyme®18, com uma percentagem de dímero de82% leva a que os produtos derivados tenham valor comercial elevado para produção de polióis difuncionais.
O interesse comercial deste polióis é baseado no facto de estes poderem produzir produtos de elevado valor comercial e serem derivados de fontes renováveis.Posteriormente, foi testado o uso de alguns destes poliésteres na produção de espumas flexíveis de poliuretanos para tendo como base os polióis de massa molecular 1250 e 2000, e testadas quanto à capacidade de absorção de vários tipos de óleos.
Abstract: In the present work during an internship in ICTPOL (IST), we tried to develop a relationship between all the works done. Understanding variables that affect production of unsaturated polyester polyols based on dimer fatty acids Unidyme®14 andUnidyme®18 with ethylene glycol and 1,4-butane diol that were synthesized via the polycondensation reaction mechanism. We studied a fast way to determine molecular weight, which usually takes a lot of time and that is not very economical and ecological. Among the experimental controlled parameters for each polyol synthesis a special attention was paid to these products viscosity, color, molecular weight, acid and hydroxyl value parameters of extremely commercial importance. The Unidyme®14 dimer fatty acid, having a dimer acid percentage of 94%, induces the polyols based on them to be products of relatively commercial relevance. As for the Unidyme® 18 dimmer fatty acid, its dimer percentage is 81,8%. Unidyme®18 its based polyols commercial interest is specially relevant not only when a lower cost is a relevant factor, but also when its trimmer content is important to confer noncrystallinity properties to the final end product. Additionally, flexible polyurethane foams were developed from the 1250 and 2000 molecular weight polyester polyol and tested regarding oil absorption capacity.
Abstract: In the present work during an internship in ICTPOL (IST), we tried to develop a relationship between all the works done. Understanding variables that affect production of unsaturated polyester polyols based on dimer fatty acids Unidyme®14 andUnidyme®18 with ethylene glycol and 1,4-butane diol that were synthesized via the polycondensation reaction mechanism. We studied a fast way to determine molecular weight, which usually takes a lot of time and that is not very economical and ecological. Among the experimental controlled parameters for each polyol synthesis a special attention was paid to these products viscosity, color, molecular weight, acid and hydroxyl value parameters of extremely commercial importance. The Unidyme®14 dimer fatty acid, having a dimer acid percentage of 94%, induces the polyols based on them to be products of relatively commercial relevance. As for the Unidyme® 18 dimmer fatty acid, its dimer percentage is 81,8%. Unidyme®18 its based polyols commercial interest is specially relevant not only when a lower cost is a relevant factor, but also when its trimmer content is important to confer noncrystallinity properties to the final end product. Additionally, flexible polyurethane foams were developed from the 1250 and 2000 molecular weight polyester polyol and tested regarding oil absorption capacity.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química
Keywords
Polyester polyol Poliol poliéster Dimer fatty acid Ácido gordo dimérico Unidyme® 14 Unidyme®18 Flexible polyurethane foam Espuma flexível de poliuretano Renewable sources Produtos biológicos recicláveis
Citation
MATOS, Sandro Filipe dos Santos - Study of the production of polyesters for polyurethanes at pilot plant scale. Lisboa: Instituto Supeior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2010. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa