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Desenvolvimento de programa para simulação de sistema integrado de energias renováveis para a produção e conservação de queijo
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A presente dissertação consiste na elaboração de um programa de simulação destinado a efetuar a gestão energética de uma unidade de produção de queijo, integrando fontes de energia renovável, de modo a permitir a análise da sua viabilidade técnico-económica e, posteriormente, fundamentar a sua futura implementação prática. Para o desenvolvimento deste programa de simulação, estabeleceu-se como caso de estudo um protótipo de unidade queijeira, implementado no âmbito do projeto CASEUS e situada no Instituto Politécnico de Beja. Este protótipo integra painéis fotovoltaicos, coletores solares, uma turbina eólica e uma caldeira de pellets, permitindo colmatar os consumos energéticos associados à produção de queijo, através da energia obtida a partir de fontes renováveis. Foram realizados três ensaios diferentes, com o objetivo de permitir avaliar a viabilidade da solução proposta sob diferentes condições atmosféricas ao longo do ano e em várias regiões de Portugal. Os resultados obtidos através da aplicação informática elaborada foram posteriormente comparados com os resultados obtidos no protótipo da unidade queijeira e com os dados de indústrias queijeiras tradicionais, demonstrando melhorias económicas e ambientais da unidade em estudo. No primeiro ensaio registou-se um lucro de 0,0071 €/kgqueijo e umas emissões de 0,0188 kg CO2e/kgqueijo. Nos segundo e terceiro ensaios, obteve-se, respetivamente, um lucro de 0,0190 €/kgqueijo e um custo de 0,0551 €/kgqueijo, enquanto as emissões de CO2 situaram-se em 0,0109 e 0,0414 kg CO2e/kgqueijo, considerando um período semanal. Da comparação entre os resultados da ferramenta informática e os dados experimentais retirados do protótipo, evidenciou-se uma elevada fiabilidade do modelo, apresentando um erro de apenas 2,3% relativamente à quantidade de energia proveniente de fontes renováveis.
Abstract This dissertation presents the development of a simulation program aimed at managing the energy consumption of a cheese production facility, integrating renewable energy sources to allow the assessment of its techno-economic feasibility and, subsequently, supporting its potential practical implementation. For the development of this simulation program, a prototype cheese production unit was established as a case study, developed within the framework of the CASEUS project and located at the Polytechnic Institute of Beja. This prototype integrates photovoltaic panels, solar collectors, a wind turbine, and a pellet boiler, enabling the coverage of the energy consumption associated with cheese production through energy provided by renewable sources. Three different tests were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed solution under varying atmospheric conditions throughout the year and across different regions of Portugal. The results obtained from the developed software application were later compared with those obtained from the prototype cheese production unit and the data from traditional cheese production facilities, showing both economic and environmental improvements. In the first test, a profit of 0,0071 €/kgcheese and emissions of 0,0188 kg CO₂e/kgcheese were recorded. In the second and third tests, a profit of 0,0190 €/kgcheese and a cost of 0,0551 €/kgcheese were obtained, respectively, while CO₂ emissions amounted to 0,0109 and 0,0414 kg CO₂e/ kgcheese, considering a weekly period. The comparison between the results of the software tool and the experimental data from the prototype revealed a high degree of reliability of the model, showing an error of only 2,3% regarding the amount of energy derived from renewable sources.
Abstract This dissertation presents the development of a simulation program aimed at managing the energy consumption of a cheese production facility, integrating renewable energy sources to allow the assessment of its techno-economic feasibility and, subsequently, supporting its potential practical implementation. For the development of this simulation program, a prototype cheese production unit was established as a case study, developed within the framework of the CASEUS project and located at the Polytechnic Institute of Beja. This prototype integrates photovoltaic panels, solar collectors, a wind turbine, and a pellet boiler, enabling the coverage of the energy consumption associated with cheese production through energy provided by renewable sources. Three different tests were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed solution under varying atmospheric conditions throughout the year and across different regions of Portugal. The results obtained from the developed software application were later compared with those obtained from the prototype cheese production unit and the data from traditional cheese production facilities, showing both economic and environmental improvements. In the first test, a profit of 0,0071 €/kgcheese and emissions of 0,0188 kg CO₂e/kgcheese were recorded. In the second and third tests, a profit of 0,0190 €/kgcheese and a cost of 0,0551 €/kgcheese were obtained, respectively, while CO₂ emissions amounted to 0,0109 and 0,0414 kg CO₂e/ kgcheese, considering a weekly period. The comparison between the results of the software tool and the experimental data from the prototype revealed a high degree of reliability of the model, showing an error of only 2,3% regarding the amount of energy derived from renewable sources.
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Energias renováveis Consumo energético Aplicação informática Pasteurização Coagulação Renewable energies Energy consumption Simulation program Pasteurization Coagulation