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Abstract(s)
A razão atribuída à escolha do tema do T.F.M. em Caminhos-de-ferro, tem a ver com o facto de ser uma via de comunicação específica. Contrariamente ao que acontece na execução de auto-estradas, no caminho-de-ferro, a gestora da infra-estrutura responsabiliza-se pela execução, exploração (sinalização e controlo de circulação), abastecimento de energia fornecida às vias que dispõem de catenária (tracção eléctrica), manutenção e conservação da via.
O processo de análise e inspecção de geometria de via, é usado quando e necessário preservar a infra-estrutura. Este processo iniciou-se nos caminhos-de-ferro portugueses, há muitos anos, depois da inauguração do primeiro troco de linha férrea.
A primeira viagem ocorre em Outubro de 1856, sendo o início do processo em 1968, com a dresina “Matisa PV-6”.
Em 1991 a C.P. adquiriu outro veículo de inspecção de via, tendo sido escolhido o VIV02 EM 120 da marca Plasser & Theurer, para substituir “Matisa PV-6”.
O tema Análise dos Métodos de Medição dos Parâmetros Geométricos de Via e Correlação entre os Dados Obtidos está directamente relacionado com a manutenção e conservação de via.
Na Unidade Operacional Sul (hoje ROS – Região Operacional Sul), local onde desenvolvi o T.F.M., não existem obras de construção de caminhos-de-ferro que pudesse acompanhar e constituir tema para o meu trabalho. Na realidade, com a falta de investimento que se perspectiva no futuro próximo, a manutenção da infra-estrutura passa a ser a actividade principal desenvolvida pela REFER, de modo a assegurar a comodidade, segurança e rapidez na deslocação de cargas e pessoas.
A Analise Geométrica de Via e actualmente uma das principais actividades no âmbito da manutenção, que é feita por diagnóstico, contrariamente ao que acontecia no passado em que a conservação metódica era realizada num determinado ano num troço seleccionado independentemente da necessidade ou não da mesma. Uma ajuda preciosa, no que se refere à decisão de se realizar um determinado trabalho de conservação, e a do veículo VIV02 EM 120 que faz inspeções ao longo de toda a rede ferroviária e permite recolher dados e classificar através do desvio padrão, troços com extensão de 200 metros, obtendo os dados relevantes sobre a necessidade de intervenção. Para além do referido veículo existem também equipamentos ligeiros de inspecção dos parâmetros geométricos de via. Um desses equipamentos designa-se por Trólei, não sendo motorizado, pois o mesmo é movido manualmente por um operador. Obviamente que este equipamento não faz a inspecção a toda a rede pois a operação de medição é morosa, sendo contudo utilizado para análise de defeitos geométricos em pequenos trocos, tornando-se assim uma mais-valia, evitando o deslocar de um equipamento “pesado” como o VIV 02 EM 120.
Para atingir os objectivos deste trabalho realizaram-se testes de medição com ambos (veiculo e equipamento ligeiro), no mesmo espaço temporal e com as mesmas características físicas, como a temperatura, humidade etc.
Os resultados, de acordo com os objectivos, são a comparação entre as medições de ambos, com vista a comprovar a sua utilidade e necessidade, de acordo com os vários tipos de superstruturas constituintes da rede ferroviária nacional.
The reason for the choice of the theme of the Master’s final work on Railways is related to the fact that it is a specific means of communication. As opposed to the construction of highways, during the construction of a railway the infrastructure manager is in charge of the construction, functioning (signals and circulation management), power supply to ways with catenary (electrical traction), railway track maintenance and conservation. The analysis and inspection of the tracks geometry is used when it becomes necessary to preserve the infrastructure. The Portuguese rail started this process many years after the opening of the first line section. The first journey took place in October 1856 and the process of analysis and inspection started in 1968 with the track car “Matisa PV-6”. In 1991 the Portuguese rail purchased another vehicle to replace “Matisa TV-6”. It was VIV02 EM 120 from manufacturers Plasser & Theurer. The topic Analysis of the Measurement Methods of Geometrical Parameters and Correlation of Data is directly related to railway track maintenance and conservation. In the South Operating Unit, where I will be developing my probation work, there is no significant railway construction taking place that I could use as a topic for my work. In fact, with the prediction of lack of investment in the near future, the maintenance of the infrastructure is becoming REFER’s main activity sothat comfort, safety and speed in the transportation of goods and people can be assured. The Geometrical Analysis of the Railway tracks is nowadays the main activity related to maintenance. It is made by means of diagnosis, as opposed to what used to happen in the past when in a given year a methodical conservation of a chosen line section was executed, regardless of its necessity. A precious help in the decision of whether to execute a given conservation work is that of the VIV02 vehicle, which inspects the rail network so that data can be collected and 200 meter long sections can be classified using thestandard deviation, thus obtaining the required results on the need for action. In addition to this vehicle there is also light equipment for the inspection of the geometrical parameters of the railway tracks, one of which is called Trolley as it is nonmotorised but operated manually. Of course, this equipment couldn’t inspect the entire network because the measuring operation is time-consuming. However, it is used to analyse geometrical defects of short line sections, thus being valuable, as it makes the dislocation of heavy equipment, such as VIV 02 EM 120, unnecessary. In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives,measurement tests of both vehicle and equipment are planned. This will occur at the same time and under the same physical situations, such as temperature, humidity,etc. According to the objectives, the results obtained will be the comparison of results of both measurements, thus verifying the usefulness ofvehicle and equipment and their need, according to the different types of superstructures which are part of the national railway network.
The reason for the choice of the theme of the Master’s final work on Railways is related to the fact that it is a specific means of communication. As opposed to the construction of highways, during the construction of a railway the infrastructure manager is in charge of the construction, functioning (signals and circulation management), power supply to ways with catenary (electrical traction), railway track maintenance and conservation. The analysis and inspection of the tracks geometry is used when it becomes necessary to preserve the infrastructure. The Portuguese rail started this process many years after the opening of the first line section. The first journey took place in October 1856 and the process of analysis and inspection started in 1968 with the track car “Matisa PV-6”. In 1991 the Portuguese rail purchased another vehicle to replace “Matisa TV-6”. It was VIV02 EM 120 from manufacturers Plasser & Theurer. The topic Analysis of the Measurement Methods of Geometrical Parameters and Correlation of Data is directly related to railway track maintenance and conservation. In the South Operating Unit, where I will be developing my probation work, there is no significant railway construction taking place that I could use as a topic for my work. In fact, with the prediction of lack of investment in the near future, the maintenance of the infrastructure is becoming REFER’s main activity sothat comfort, safety and speed in the transportation of goods and people can be assured. The Geometrical Analysis of the Railway tracks is nowadays the main activity related to maintenance. It is made by means of diagnosis, as opposed to what used to happen in the past when in a given year a methodical conservation of a chosen line section was executed, regardless of its necessity. A precious help in the decision of whether to execute a given conservation work is that of the VIV02 vehicle, which inspects the rail network so that data can be collected and 200 meter long sections can be classified using thestandard deviation, thus obtaining the required results on the need for action. In addition to this vehicle there is also light equipment for the inspection of the geometrical parameters of the railway tracks, one of which is called Trolley as it is nonmotorised but operated manually. Of course, this equipment couldn’t inspect the entire network because the measuring operation is time-consuming. However, it is used to analyse geometrical defects of short line sections, thus being valuable, as it makes the dislocation of heavy equipment, such as VIV 02 EM 120, unnecessary. In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives,measurement tests of both vehicle and equipment are planned. This will occur at the same time and under the same physical situations, such as temperature, humidity,etc. According to the objectives, the results obtained will be the comparison of results of both measurements, thus verifying the usefulness ofvehicle and equipment and their need, according to the different types of superstructures which are part of the national railway network.
Description
Keywords
Inspecção de vias ferroviárias Sistemas de medição Railways inspection Measuring systems
Citation
Bento, Duarte Evaristo Ferreira - Análise dos métodos de medição dos parâmetros geométricos de via e correlação entre os dados obtidos. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2011. Dissertação de mestrado.