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- An examination of the Portuguese banking sector crisisPublication . Pereira, Vítor; Filipe, JoséThe purpose of this research is to analyse the trends in data from monetary financial institutions (MFIs) in Portugal compared to the Euro Area. The analysis principally focuses on the period after the subprime crisis, which started in 2007 in the USA. Moreover, this article exposes some interesting data about corporate governance in Portuguese banks (e.g. governance model, gender, board dimension, executive compensation, board members’ qualifications). Of particular note is the fact that after the bail-out of Portugal in 2011, the Portuguese banking system started a process of downsizing evidenced not only by the reduction in the number of branches but also cuts to human resources. In terms of board characteristics, it is evident that the majority of Portuguese banks use the Latin model of corporate governance. Furthermore, only a small number of Portuguese banks are listed (a total of three were registered). Another aspect of note is the limited presence of women on boards of directors.
- Quality of Board Members’ Training and Bank Financial Performance: Evidence from PortugalPublication . Pereira, Vítor; José António FilipeThis study examines the impact of the quality of board members’ training on the financial performance of Portuguese banks. The study employs a sample of 276 board members. Financial ratios such as return on average assets (ROAA) and return on average equity (ROAE) are used as measures for gauging banks’ financial performance. Three indexes are used as proxies for board members’ educational qualifications, specifically: Eduindex, for all academic qualifications obtained in areas such as business or economics; EduindexDP, for all qualifications obtained in prestigious domestic business schools; and EduindexFP, for all qualifications obtained in prestigious foreign business schools. The study findings have important policy implications, specifically a positive and significant impact on the bank’s financial performance from having board members holding degrees from prestigious foreign business schools. In particular, the findings suggest that the prudential supervision developed by Banco de Portugal in cooperation with the European Central Bank should include a more rigorous process in the selection of board members. The present study is one of the first attempts in the literature emphasizing all these aspects simultaneously, that is, the banking sector, quality of board members’ training, and Eduniversal Rankings, in the context in which all the banks of a specific country are analysed.