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Abstract(s)
Onde estamos hoje? A nova revolução robótica é mais do que um processo de substituição de pessoas por máquinas. As maravilhas das tecnologias digitais não devem ser desvalorizadas, embora os perigos que trazem para a economia, principalmente em termos da perda maciça de postos de trabalho, não devem ser negligenciados também. É importante reforçar que a temática do desenvolvimento na automação industrial, mais especificamente, na robótica e desenvolvimentos mais avançados, está intimamente relacionada com a evolução da tecnologia da microeletrónica e das suas aplicações produtivas. Tendo por base literatura recente sobre as consequências económicas da rápida automatização da atividade produtiva, dando especial ênfase nos assuntos relacionados com o emprego e crescimento económico, podemos encontrar uma mistura entre o ceticismo cauteloso e o otimismo moderado. Assim, as perspetivas para o futuro apontam nitidamente no sentido de um desenvolvimento cada vez mais acelerado da inteligência artificial, disseminando e aprofundando neste sentido o estudo permite concluir que os trabalhadores, mesmo os altamente qualificados, são de facto substituídos por máquinas e os empregos estão a ser perdidos; no entanto, as políticas apropriadas e práticas empresariais podem permitir, e deve permitir, para tirar proveito da maior produtividade dos robôs, oferecer aos trabalhadores salários mais elevados e mais tempo de lazer.
Where are we today? The new robotic revolution is more than a process of replacing people by machines. The wonders of digital technologies should not be undervalued, although the dangers they bring to the economy, especially in terms of the massive loss of jobs, should not be neglected as well. It is important to emphasize that the development theme in industrial automation, more specifically in robotics and more advanced developments, is closely related to the evolution of microelectronics technology and its productive applications. Based on recent literature on the economic consequences of the rapid automation of productive activity, with particular emphasis on issues related to employment and economic growth, we can find a mixture between cautious scepticism and moderate optimism. Therefore, the prospects for the future clearly point to an increasingly accelerated development of artificial intelligence, disseminating and deepening in this sense the study allows to conclude that workers, even the highly skilled, are actually replaced by machines and jobs are to be lost; however, appropriate policies and business practices can allow, and should allow, to take advantage of increased productivity of robots, offer workers higher wages and more leisure time.
Where are we today? The new robotic revolution is more than a process of replacing people by machines. The wonders of digital technologies should not be undervalued, although the dangers they bring to the economy, especially in terms of the massive loss of jobs, should not be neglected as well. It is important to emphasize that the development theme in industrial automation, more specifically in robotics and more advanced developments, is closely related to the evolution of microelectronics technology and its productive applications. Based on recent literature on the economic consequences of the rapid automation of productive activity, with particular emphasis on issues related to employment and economic growth, we can find a mixture between cautious scepticism and moderate optimism. Therefore, the prospects for the future clearly point to an increasingly accelerated development of artificial intelligence, disseminating and deepening in this sense the study allows to conclude that workers, even the highly skilled, are actually replaced by machines and jobs are to be lost; however, appropriate policies and business practices can allow, and should allow, to take advantage of increased productivity of robots, offer workers higher wages and more leisure time.
Description
Mestrado em Análise Financeira
Keywords
Automação Desemprego Polarização do mercado de trabalho Robótica na nuvem Distribuição de tarefas e competências entre homem/máquina Automation Jobless economy Labor market polarization Cloud robotics Distribution of tasks and skills