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Modelação BIM em projetos de pontes e viadutos
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Resumo(s)
A crescente digitalização no setor da engenharia civil tem impulsionado a adoção do Building Information Modeling (BIM) em projetos de obras de arte, proporcionando melhorias na precisão, eficiência e integração das diferentes especialidades. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação da metodologia BIM na modelação paramétrica de um viaduto e na modelação tridimensional de armaduras, combinando uma revisão bibliográfica com a implementação prática no software Allplan (Bridge e Engineering), de modo a avaliar o potencial destas ferramentas digitais para apoiar o desenvolvimento de soluções estruturais e a sua documentação técnica. A investigação desenvolveu-se em duas vertentes complementares. Numa primeira fase, procedeu-se à modelação geométrica de um viaduto no Allplan Bridge, comparando duas soluções construtivas para o tabuleiro: vigas betonadas in situ e vigas pré-fabricadas. Numa segunda fase, foi detalhada a modelação das armaduras de um pilar no Allplan Engineering, explorando diferentes métodos de criação e distribuição de barras, com destaque para as armaduras variáveis em geometrias complexas. Foram também desenvolvidas etiquetas paramétricas (labels) e listas automáticas de aço, que asseguram consistência entre o modelo tridimensional e os elementos de projeto necessários à execução. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a aplicabilidade do BIM na modelação de viadutos, não apenas enquanto ferramenta de conceção e verificação, mas também como suporte ao processo construtivo, permitindo reduzir erros, otimizar quantitativos e melhorar a qualidade da informação técnica. A originalidade do trabalho reside na aplicação prática da metodologia BIM a um caso real de um viaduto, demonstrando os desafios e vantagens da modelação paramétrica e da representação detalhada das armaduras de um elemento estrutural (pilar) em ambiente digital.
Abstract The increasing digitalization of the civil engineering sector has driven the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in bridge and viaduct projects, enhancing precision, efficiency, and interdisciplinary coordination. This dissertation aims to analyze the application of BIM methodology in the parametric modeling of a viaduct and the three-dimensional reinforcement modeling, combining a literature review with the practical implementation of the Allplan software (Bridge and Engineering). The goal is to assess the potential of these digital tools to support the development of structural design solutions and their corresponding technical documentation. The research was developed in two complementary stages. In the first stage, a geometric model of a viaduct was created in Allplan Bridge, comparing two construction solutions for the deck: cast-in-place beams and precast beams. In the second stage, the reinforcement modeling of a pier was carried out in Allplan Engineering, exploring different methods for bar creation and distribution, with particular emphasis on variable reinforcement layouts in complex geometries. Additionally, parametric labels and automated steel schedules were developed to ensure consistency between the 3D model and the project documentation required for construction. The results highlight the applicability of BIM in viaduct modeling, not only as a design and verification tool but also as an aid to the construction process, enabling error reduction, optimization of material quantities, and improvement in the quality of technical information. The originality of this work lies in the practical application of the BIM methodology to a real viaduct project, demonstrating both the challenges and advantages of parametric modeling and detailed reinforcement representation within a digital environment.
Abstract The increasing digitalization of the civil engineering sector has driven the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in bridge and viaduct projects, enhancing precision, efficiency, and interdisciplinary coordination. This dissertation aims to analyze the application of BIM methodology in the parametric modeling of a viaduct and the three-dimensional reinforcement modeling, combining a literature review with the practical implementation of the Allplan software (Bridge and Engineering). The goal is to assess the potential of these digital tools to support the development of structural design solutions and their corresponding technical documentation. The research was developed in two complementary stages. In the first stage, a geometric model of a viaduct was created in Allplan Bridge, comparing two construction solutions for the deck: cast-in-place beams and precast beams. In the second stage, the reinforcement modeling of a pier was carried out in Allplan Engineering, exploring different methods for bar creation and distribution, with particular emphasis on variable reinforcement layouts in complex geometries. Additionally, parametric labels and automated steel schedules were developed to ensure consistency between the 3D model and the project documentation required for construction. The results highlight the applicability of BIM in viaduct modeling, not only as a design and verification tool but also as an aid to the construction process, enabling error reduction, optimization of material quantities, and improvement in the quality of technical information. The originality of this work lies in the practical application of the BIM methodology to a real viaduct project, demonstrating both the challenges and advantages of parametric modeling and detailed reinforcement representation within a digital environment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
BIM (Building Information Modeling) Viadutos Allplan bridge Modelação de armaduras Modelação paramétrica Viaducts Allplan bridge Reinforcement modeling Parametric modeling