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Os valores-notícia são quem mais ordena: análise da cobertura do futebol feminino no jornal desportivo A Bola
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Resumo(s)
A invisibilidade mediática do futebol feminino mundial foi uma realidade durante o século XX e a primeira década do século XXI. O tempo verbal no passado traduz uma mudança global, potenciada em Portugal pela aposta de Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Sporting Clube de Portugal e Futebol Clube do Porto na modalidade e pelo melhor período da história da Seleção Nacional desde a qualificação para o Campeonato da Europa de 2017. O futebol feminino libertou-se de uma representação sexualizada e estereotipada, mas a diferença de profundidade e diversidade temática da cobertura em relação ao masculino manteve-se. Este contexto de profissionalização crescente potencia a pertinência da análise dos padrões e critérios que orientam a cobertura noticiosa do futebol feminino.
Desta forma, o presente Relatório de Estágio resultou da realização de um estágio curricular no jornal desportivo português A Bola, entre 13 de janeiro e 12 de abril de 2025. A pergunta “Quais são os critérios de noticiabilidade que orientam a produção noticiosa do Jornal A Bola sobre futebol feminino?” foi o ponto de partida para um exercício investigativo sobre os fatores que determinam a noticiabilidade do desporto-rei praticado por mulheres. Para responder a esta interrogação, esta investigação seguiu uma estratégia metodológica mista, que combinou abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas através da utilização de técnicas de recolha de informação documental (pesquisa, leitura e análise crítica de literatura sobre valores-notícia e análise de conteúdo de peças jornalísticas sobre futebol feminino) e não documental (participação-observação).
Os resultados apontam para uma cobertura do futebol feminino orientada para acontecimentos sobre protagonistas individuais e coletivos e competições lusas, considerados relevantes para a audiência. O valor “relevância” domina uma produção noticiosa monopolizada por parte de SL Benfica, Sporting CP, FC Porto e Seleção Nacional e que se esgota praticamente no que acontece em território nacional. A magnitude de um acontecimento ou a familiaridade de um protagonista para a audiência são dois fatores decisivos para a produção noticiosa sobre equipas ou competições estrangeiras. Apesar de 97% dos dias analisados apresentarem pelo menos uma notícia sobre futebol feminino, a cobertura do desporto-rei praticado por mulheres caracteriza-se pelo peso de peças de curta dimensão e pela ausência contínua de destaque, tanto na primeira página, como nas páginas centrais.
The media invisibility of women's football worldwide was a reality during the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century. The past tense reflects a global change, boosted in Portugal by the commitment of Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Sporting Clube de Portugal and Futebol Clube do Porto to the sport and by the best period in the history of the national team since qualifying for the 2017 European Championship. Women's football has freed itself from sexualised and stereotypical representation, but the difference in depth and thematic diversity of coverage compared to men's football has remained. This context of increasing professionalisation highlights the relevance of analysing the patterns and criteria that guide news coverage of women's football. This Internship Report is the result of a curricular internship at the portuguese sports newspaper A Bola, between 13 January and 12 April of 2025. The question ‘What are the newsworthiness criteria that guide the production of news about women's football in the newspaper A Bola?’ was the starting point for an investigative exercise on the factors that determine the newsworthiness of the beautiful game played by women. To answer this question, this research followed a mixed methodological strategy, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches through the use of documentary information gathering techniques (research, reading and critical analysis of literature on news values and content analysis) and non-documentary techniques (participation-observation). The results indicated that coverage of women's football focused on events involving individual and collective protagonists and Portuguese competitions, considered relevant to the audience. The value of ‘relevance’ dominates news production, which is monopolised by SL Benfica, Sporting CP, FC Porto and the national team, and is practically limited to what happens in Portugal. The magnitude of an event or the familiarity of a protagonist to the audience are two decisive factors for news production about foreign teams or competitions. Although 97% of the days analysed featured at least one news item on women's football, coverage of the sport practised by women is characterised by the weight of short articles and the continuous absence of prominence, both on the front page and in the central pages.
The media invisibility of women's football worldwide was a reality during the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century. The past tense reflects a global change, boosted in Portugal by the commitment of Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Sporting Clube de Portugal and Futebol Clube do Porto to the sport and by the best period in the history of the national team since qualifying for the 2017 European Championship. Women's football has freed itself from sexualised and stereotypical representation, but the difference in depth and thematic diversity of coverage compared to men's football has remained. This context of increasing professionalisation highlights the relevance of analysing the patterns and criteria that guide news coverage of women's football. This Internship Report is the result of a curricular internship at the portuguese sports newspaper A Bola, between 13 January and 12 April of 2025. The question ‘What are the newsworthiness criteria that guide the production of news about women's football in the newspaper A Bola?’ was the starting point for an investigative exercise on the factors that determine the newsworthiness of the beautiful game played by women. To answer this question, this research followed a mixed methodological strategy, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches through the use of documentary information gathering techniques (research, reading and critical analysis of literature on news values and content analysis) and non-documentary techniques (participation-observation). The results indicated that coverage of women's football focused on events involving individual and collective protagonists and Portuguese competitions, considered relevant to the audience. The value of ‘relevance’ dominates news production, which is monopolised by SL Benfica, Sporting CP, FC Porto and the national team, and is practically limited to what happens in Portugal. The magnitude of an event or the familiarity of a protagonist to the audience are two decisive factors for news production about foreign teams or competitions. Although 97% of the days analysed featured at least one news item on women's football, coverage of the sport practised by women is characterised by the weight of short articles and the continuous absence of prominence, both on the front page and in the central pages.
Descrição
Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Jornalismo.
Palavras-chave
Futebol feminino Valores-notícia A Bola Produção noticiosa