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Citric acid as a safe alternative to oxalic acid in the Gomori reticulin technique: a comparative study

2025-06Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorBento, Ana
dc.contributor.authorNascimento, Ana
dc.contributor.authorNobre, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorBorges-Ferro, Amadeu
dc.contributor.authorMarques-Ramos, Ana
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-02T10:51:19Z
dc.date.available2025-07-02T10:51:19Z
dc.date.issued2025-06
dc.descriptionThe online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-025-02392-3. The H&TRC authors gratefully acknowledge the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)/Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (MCTES) national support through the UIDB/05608/2020 and UIDP/05608/2020.
dc.description.abstractThe use of oxalic acid is common in metallic impregnation techniques, where it serves as a reducing and bleaching agent for potassium permanganate. Given that oxalic acid is harmful to health, its replacement with another reagent is advantageous for healthcare professionals handling it in laboratory settings. Considering that citric acid can also reduce potassium permanganate, this study aimed to determine whether oxalic acid in the Gomori reticulin technique could be replaced by citric acid, a compound substantially less hazardous to health. To this end, 1%, 5%, and 10% citric acid solutions were tested on porcine liver and kidney samples, and the intensity of reticulin fiber staining, contrast, and overall morphological preservation were assessed in comparison with 1% oxalic acid. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the positive control (oxalic acid) and the citric acid protocols, with the 5% citric acid concentration proving most favorable in terms of required incubation time and the evaluated morphological parameters. It was therefore concluded that citric acid can be used as a bleaching agent for potassium permanganate in the Gomori technique, effectively replacing oxalic acid.eng
dc.identifier.citationBento A, Nascimento A, Nobre S, Ferreira T, Borges-Ferro A, Marques-Ramos A. Citric acid as a safe alternative to oxalic acid in the Gomori reticulin technique: a comparative study. Histochem Cell Biol. 2025;163(1):69.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00418-025-02392-3
dc.identifier.issn0948-6143
dc.identifier.issn1432-119X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/21945
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media LLC
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00418-025-02392-3
dc.relation.ispartofHistochemistry and Cell Biology
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectCitric acid
dc.subjectGomori reticulin
dc.subjectOxalic acid substitution
dc.subjectPotassium permanganate
dc.subjectFCT_UIDB/05608/2020
dc.subjectFCT_UIDP/05608/2020
dc.titleCitric acid as a safe alternative to oxalic acid in the Gomori reticulin technique: a comparative studyeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage69
oaire.citation.titleHistochemistry and Cell Biology
oaire.citation.volume163
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameMarques-Ramos
person.givenNameAna
person.identifier.ciencia-id0617-3550-881E
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2655-8806
relation.isAuthorOfPublication0b8d516d-bf23-4db0-8224-d33e28d309ac
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery0b8d516d-bf23-4db0-8224-d33e28d309ac

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