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Projeto de simulador de conversor da energia das ondas para plataforma flutuante offshore
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Este trabalho de projeto incide no desenvolvimento de um conversor da energia das ondas destinado a ser instalado num modelo experimental de uma plataforma flutuante híbrida offshore do tipo semi-submersível. Este projeto envolveu a conceção, modelação e análise numérica das peças e subconjuntos constituintes do sistema recorrendo ao software SolidWorks. O sistema incorpora um atuador pneumático, responsável por amortecer o movimento induzido pelas forças hidrodinâmicas no flutuador, em conjunto com um mecanismo de braços ajustáveis que assegura a ligação mecânica entre ambos. Para efeitos de validação e ensaio, foi igualmente concebida uma bancada experimental que integra um atuador elétrico capaz de reproduzir as forças exercidas pelo flutuador. A instrumentação das válvulas pneumáticas que controlam as pressões no atuador é assegurada através da utilização de uma célula de carga e de um sensor de rotação. O atuador elétrico foi igualmente instrumentado com uma célula de carga para medição das forças desenvolvidas. O sistema de controlo foi implementado através da integração de hardware (Speedgoat Real-Time Simulation Machine (RTSM)) e software (Simulink Real-Time), permitindo a realização de ensaios em condições próximas das reais e a preparação para simulações em ambiente Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL). Após a fase de fabrico e montagem, foram conduzidos ensaios experimentais para verificação funcional do sistema. A partir destes testes preliminares, foi possível obter resultados em malha fechada, que serviram de base para a introdução de melhorias e correções ao projeto.
Abstract This project focuses on the development of a wave energy converter (WEC) to be integrated into an experimental model of a hybrid semi-submersible offshore floating platform. The work involved the design, modelling, and numerical analysis of the system’s components and subassemblies, carried out using SolidWorks software. The proposed system incorporates a pneumatic actuator designed to dampen the motion induced by hydrodynamic forces on the floater, together with an adjustable arm mechanism that ensures the mechanical connection between both elements. For validation and testing purposes, a dedicated test bench was also developed, including an electric actuator capable of reproducing the forces applied by the floater. The instrumentation of the pneumatic actuator was implemented using a load cell and a rotation sensor, while the electric actuator was also instrumented with a load cell for force measurement. The control system was developed by integrating hardware (Speedgoat Real-Time Simulation Machine (RTSM)) and software (Simulink Real-Time), enabling experimental testing under near-real conditions and preparation for Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations (HIL). Following the fabrication and assembly stages, experimental tests were conducted to verify the functional performance of the system. From these preliminary tests, results were obtained in closed loop, which guided the implementation of improvements and adjustments to the project.
Abstract This project focuses on the development of a wave energy converter (WEC) to be integrated into an experimental model of a hybrid semi-submersible offshore floating platform. The work involved the design, modelling, and numerical analysis of the system’s components and subassemblies, carried out using SolidWorks software. The proposed system incorporates a pneumatic actuator designed to dampen the motion induced by hydrodynamic forces on the floater, together with an adjustable arm mechanism that ensures the mechanical connection between both elements. For validation and testing purposes, a dedicated test bench was also developed, including an electric actuator capable of reproducing the forces applied by the floater. The instrumentation of the pneumatic actuator was implemented using a load cell and a rotation sensor, while the electric actuator was also instrumented with a load cell for force measurement. The control system was developed by integrating hardware (Speedgoat Real-Time Simulation Machine (RTSM)) and software (Simulink Real-Time), enabling experimental testing under near-real conditions and preparation for Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations (HIL). Following the fabrication and assembly stages, experimental tests were conducted to verify the functional performance of the system. From these preliminary tests, results were obtained in closed loop, which guided the implementation of improvements and adjustments to the project.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Plataforma flutuante híbrida offshore Conversores da energia das ondas Hardware-in-the-loop Hybrid offshore floating platform Wave energy converters PTDC/EME-REN/0242/2020