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Análise da carga mental em trabalhadores de uma empresa de automatismos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A carga mental de trabalho é a relação entre as exigências das tarefas e a capacidade de realização do trabalhador, sendo a carga mental, cognitiva e psíquica. A avaliação da carga mental em ergonomia permite compreender as capacidades e limitações do trabalhador, as características da organização do trabalho e os modelos de interação. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a carga mental de trabalhadores de uma empresa de pequena dimensão, no ramo de venda e manutenção de automatismos para portões e compreender os níveis de carga mental percebidos pelos trabalhadores no seu quotidiano, para definir medidas para prevenção dos riscos ocupacionais e promoção da saúde e bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Este estudo é descritivo, observacional e exploratório. A recolha de dados integrou duas etapas, a primeira através de análise documental e observações livres das tarefas, e a segunda através da aplicação de um questionário de autopreenchimento com duas partes. A primeira integra os dados sociodemográficos e os dados relacionados com a atividade. A segunda integra o questionário NASA-TLX que permite uma avaliação subjetiva da carga mental. Amostra foi constituída por 10 trabalhadores, o que representa uma taxa de resposta de 66,7%. Nos resultados globais deste estudo surge a escala das exigências mentais do NASATLX, como maior influência na carga mental de trabalho e a que menos influenciou foi a exigência física. A análise dos resultados das escalas do NASA-TLX revelaram também que há diferenças individuais e que o grupo profissional e a natureza da tarefa têm uma forte influência nos resultados. Com a mensuração da carga mental de trabalho é possível sugerir medidas para melhoria organizacional, como planeamento da organização do trabalho, comunicação interpessoal, gestão das tarefas, formação, clareza nos procedimentos de trabalho, entre outros. Contribuindo assim na tomada de decisão e melhoria no processo de trabalho, na prevenção de riscos ocupacionais, e gerar benefícios para a organização, qualidade de vida e saúde no trabalho.
ABSTRACT - The mental workload is the relationship between the demands of the tasks and the worker's ability to perform, being the mental, cognitive, and psychic load. The evaluation of the mental load in ergonomics allows understanding the worker's abilities and limitations, the characteristics of the work organization, and the interaction models This study aims to analyze the mental load of workers in a small company, in the field of sales and maintenance of automation for gates and to understand the levels of mental load perceived by workers in their daily lives, to define measures to prevent occupational risk and promote health and well-being of workers. This study is descriptive, observational, and exploratory. Data collection comprised two stages, the first through documentary analysis and free observation of the tasks, and the second through the application of a self-completed questionnaire with two parts. The first integrates sociodemographic data and data related to the activity. The second is part of the NASA-TLX questionnaire that allows a subjective assessment of mental load. The sample consisted of 10 workers, which represents a response rate of 66.7%. The global results of this study show the scale of mental demands of NASA-TLX, as the greatest influence on the mental workload and the one that least influenced was the physical demand. Analysis of the results of the NASA-TLX scales also revealed that there are individual differences and that the professional group and the nature of the task have a strong influence on the results. With the measurement of the mental workload, it is possible to suggest measures for organizational improvements, such as work organization planning, interpersonal communication, task management, training, clarity in work procedures, among others. Thus contributing to decision making and improvement in the work process, in the prevention of occupational risks, and to generate benefits for the organization, quality of life, and health at work.
ABSTRACT - The mental workload is the relationship between the demands of the tasks and the worker's ability to perform, being the mental, cognitive, and psychic load. The evaluation of the mental load in ergonomics allows understanding the worker's abilities and limitations, the characteristics of the work organization, and the interaction models This study aims to analyze the mental load of workers in a small company, in the field of sales and maintenance of automation for gates and to understand the levels of mental load perceived by workers in their daily lives, to define measures to prevent occupational risk and promote health and well-being of workers. This study is descriptive, observational, and exploratory. Data collection comprised two stages, the first through documentary analysis and free observation of the tasks, and the second through the application of a self-completed questionnaire with two parts. The first integrates sociodemographic data and data related to the activity. The second is part of the NASA-TLX questionnaire that allows a subjective assessment of mental load. The sample consisted of 10 workers, which represents a response rate of 66.7%. The global results of this study show the scale of mental demands of NASA-TLX, as the greatest influence on the mental workload and the one that least influenced was the physical demand. Analysis of the results of the NASA-TLX scales also revealed that there are individual differences and that the professional group and the nature of the task have a strong influence on the results. With the measurement of the mental workload, it is possible to suggest measures for organizational improvements, such as work organization planning, interpersonal communication, task management, training, clarity in work procedures, among others. Thus contributing to decision making and improvement in the work process, in the prevention of occupational risks, and to generate benefits for the organization, quality of life, and health at work.
Description
Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho
Keywords
Saúde ocupacional Segurança no trabalho Atendimento público Ergonomia Carga mental NASA-TLX Motorista Occupational health Safety at work Customer service Ergonomics Mental load Customer service Driver MSHT
Citation
Soares DS. Análise da carga mental em trabalhadores de uma empresa de automatismos [dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2020.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa