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Systematic method for developing reference driving cycles appropriate to electric L-category vehicles

2022-05-09Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorWatling, David
dc.contributor.authorBaptista, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorDuarte, Gonçalo
dc.contributor.authorGao, Jianbing
dc.contributor.authorChen, Haibo
dc.date.accessioned2022-05-31T08:35:48Z
dc.date.available2022-05-31T08:35:48Z
dc.date.issued2022-05-09
dc.description.abstractIncreasingly, demanding environmental standards reflect the need for improved energy efficiency and reduced externalities in the transportation sector. Reference driving cycles provide standard speed profiles against which future developments and innovations may be tested. In the paper, we develop such profiles for a class of electric L-category vehicles, which are anticipated to play an increasing future role in urban areas. While such driving cycles exist for regular L-category vehicles, these may not be suitable in the case of electric vehicles, due to their power output limitations. We present a methodology for deriving these new driving cycles, developed from empirically deduced power relationships, before demonstrating their application under different assumptions on the terrain and vehicle characteristics. The applications demonstrate the feasibility of the method in developing appropriate driving patterns for alternative real-world contexts. On flat terrain, the adjustments made to cope with the power limitations of L-EV do not introduce significant differences in energy consumption, suggesting that the certification does not require extensive modification. However, when considering road slope, differences of up to 5% in energy use and up to 10% in regenerated energy were observed, showing the importance of the developed method for assessing vehicle performance in real-world driving.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationWATLING, David; [et al] – Systematic method for developing reference driving cycles appropriate to electric L-category vehicles. Energies. eISSN 1996-1073. Vol. 15, N.º 9 (2022), pp. 1-28.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/en15093466pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn1996-1073
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/14677
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relationLaboratory for Robotics and Engineering Systems
dc.relationNot Available
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/9/3466pt_PT
dc.subjectVehicle specific powerpt_PT
dc.subjectDriving cyclept_PT
dc.subjectRegenerative brakingpt_PT
dc.subjectPowered light vehiclept_PT
dc.subjecte-bikept_PT
dc.subjectMicro-mobilitypt_PT
dc.titleSystematic method for developing reference driving cycles appropriate to electric L-category vehiclespt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleLaboratory for Robotics and Engineering Systems
oaire.awardTitleNot Available
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FEEA%2F50009%2F2019/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 2017/CEECIND%2F02589%2F2017%2FCP1461%2FCT0021/PT
oaire.citation.endPage28pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue9pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleEnergiespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume15pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND 2017
person.familyNameWatling
person.familyNameBaptista
person.familyNameDuarte
person.givenNameDavid
person.givenNamePatricia
person.givenNameGonçalo
person.identifier.ciencia-id0D18-21FF-BD67
person.identifier.ciencia-id6918-836F-646D
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6193-9121
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1559-9151
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7216-611X
person.identifier.ridA-5356-2012
person.identifier.ridI-1242-2014
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7003610581
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16202135300
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57189656488
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication988ac929-a49e-4479-ae9d-3cf902ebb067
relation.isAuthorOfPublication060bb526-9d2c-4717-91dc-2f91262667c7
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