Publication
Hardware como preditor da ansiedade em doentes submetidos a exames de ressonância magnética
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.2 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Ressonância Magnética (RM) consiste num método de estudo capaz de obter informação relativa à anatomia, fisiologia e fisiopatologia do corpo humano, tratando-se acima de tudo de uma técnica não invasiva que permite a deteção e caracterização precoce de algumas doenças para possível decisão terapêutica. Nos últimos anos, muitos têm sido os avanços desenvolvidos na área da RM, porém, características como a configuração dos equipamentos, o conjunto dos procedimentos de segurança, a duração e o ruído destes exames, induzem ansiedade, stress e claustrofobia em vários doentes. Contudo, o posicionamento dos utentes para a realização dos vários exames é ainda um fator ansiogénico adicional, sobretudo nos exames de Crânio em que, para que este exame seja possível de sel realizar, o Crânio fica no centro do túnel e o corpo do doente, dependendo da sua altura, fica praticamente todo no interior do túnel do equipamento de RM. Assim, o presente estudo, intitulado por “Hardware como Preditor de Ansiedade em Doentes Submetidos a Exames de Ressonância Magnética” tem como principal objetivo avaliar de que forma o tipo de exame a realizar e o posicionamento dos doentes nestes exames, nomeadamente de Crânio e articulação do Joelho, podem influenciar ou alterar os níveis de ansiedade do próprio doente, recorrendo-se para isso a um estudo comparativo entre estes dois tipos de exames. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, do tipo comparativo que englobou 100 doentes, dos quais 50 realizaram exames de Crânio e os restantes foram exames de Joelho. Foram analisados os Questionários Sociodemográficos e os Inventários STAI nas formas Y-1 (ansiedade estado), aplicado antes e após exame, e na Forma Y-2 (ansiedade traço), aplicado antes do exame, e foram recolhidas as medidas fisiológicas de Tensão Arterial (TA) e Frequência Cardíaca (FC), no início e fim do exame. Na análise estatística aplicaram-se os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Leven, Regressão Linear Múltipla, com recurso ao Método de Stepwise, Teste t para amostras emparelhadas, bem como a Correlação de Pearson. se assim, que os resultados obtidos demonstram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os níveis de ansiedade dos doentes relativamente ao exame a realizar, e que essas diferenças são ainda mais notórias antes da realização dos mesmos. A maioria dos doentes que apresenta níveis de ansiedade traço mais elevados, apresenta ainda níveis de ansiedade estado mais altos, o que também ficou comprovado através da análise dos valores de TA e FC recolhidos no fim de cada exame. Constata-se também que a utilização dos vários hardwares, ou seja, das bobinas transrecetoras colocadas em torno da estrutura anatómica a estudar, reduzem o espaço envolvente, e contribuem para a elevação dos níveis de ansiedade estado, o que se verifica essencialmente nos exames de Crânio em que os estes níveis, antes do exame, são superiores aos níveis recolhidos nos exames de Joelho, sendo que esta condição é derivada também ao posicionamento do doente, que deve sempre ficar no interior do túnel do equipamento de RM durante toda a realização do exame.
ABSTRACT - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a study method capable of obtaining information about the human body's anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology. Above all, it is a non-invasive technique that allows the early detection and characterization of some diseases for possible therapeutic decisions. In recent years, many advances have been made in the area of MRI, however, characteristics such as the configuration of the equipment, the set of safety procedures, and the duration and noise of these exams, induce anxiety, stress, and claustrophobia in several patients. However, the positioning of users to carry out the various exams is still an additional anxiogenic factor, especially in Skull exams where for this exam to be possible, the Skull is in the center of the tunnel and the patient's body, depending on the Its height is practically all inside the MRI equipment tunnel. Therefore, the present study, entitled “Influence of Hardware and Positioning on Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Exams” has as its main objective to evaluate how the type of exam to be performed and the positioning of patients in these exams, namely the skull and joint of the Knee, can influence or change the user's anxiety levels, using a comparative study between these two types of exams. This is an exploratory, comparative study that included 100 patients, of which 50 underwent Skull exams and the remaining Knee exams. The Sociodemographic Questionnaires and STAI Inventories were analyzed in Form Y-1 (state anxiety), applied before and after the exam, and in Form Y-2 (trait anxiety), applied before the exam, and physiological measurements of Blood Pressure were collected. (TA) and Heart Rate (HR), at the beginning and end of the exam. In the statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Leven test, repeated measures ANOVA, t-test for paired samples, as well as Pearson Correlation were applied. It is therefore concluded that the results obtained demonstrate statistically significant differences between the patients' anxiety levels regarding the exam to be performed and that these differences are even more noticeable before the exam is carried out. Most patients who have higher levels of trait anxiety also have higher levels of state anxiety, which was also proven through the analysis of the AT and HR values collected at the end of each exam. It is also noted that the use of various hardware, that is, the transreceiving coils placed around the anatomical structure to be studied, reduces the surrounding space, and contributes to the elevation of state anxiety levels, which is essentially seen in examinations of Skull in which these levels, before the examination, are higher than the levels collected in knee examinations, and this condition is also derived from the positioning of the patient, who must always remain inside the MRI equipment tunnel throughout the entire duration of the examination.
ABSTRACT - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a study method capable of obtaining information about the human body's anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology. Above all, it is a non-invasive technique that allows the early detection and characterization of some diseases for possible therapeutic decisions. In recent years, many advances have been made in the area of MRI, however, characteristics such as the configuration of the equipment, the set of safety procedures, and the duration and noise of these exams, induce anxiety, stress, and claustrophobia in several patients. However, the positioning of users to carry out the various exams is still an additional anxiogenic factor, especially in Skull exams where for this exam to be possible, the Skull is in the center of the tunnel and the patient's body, depending on the Its height is practically all inside the MRI equipment tunnel. Therefore, the present study, entitled “Influence of Hardware and Positioning on Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Exams” has as its main objective to evaluate how the type of exam to be performed and the positioning of patients in these exams, namely the skull and joint of the Knee, can influence or change the user's anxiety levels, using a comparative study between these two types of exams. This is an exploratory, comparative study that included 100 patients, of which 50 underwent Skull exams and the remaining Knee exams. The Sociodemographic Questionnaires and STAI Inventories were analyzed in Form Y-1 (state anxiety), applied before and after the exam, and in Form Y-2 (trait anxiety), applied before the exam, and physiological measurements of Blood Pressure were collected. (TA) and Heart Rate (HR), at the beginning and end of the exam. In the statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Leven test, repeated measures ANOVA, t-test for paired samples, as well as Pearson Correlation were applied. It is therefore concluded that the results obtained demonstrate statistically significant differences between the patients' anxiety levels regarding the exam to be performed and that these differences are even more noticeable before the exam is carried out. Most patients who have higher levels of trait anxiety also have higher levels of state anxiety, which was also proven through the analysis of the AT and HR values collected at the end of each exam. It is also noted that the use of various hardware, that is, the transreceiving coils placed around the anatomical structure to be studied, reduces the surrounding space, and contributes to the elevation of state anxiety levels, which is essentially seen in examinations of Skull in which these levels, before the examination, are higher than the levels collected in knee examinations, and this condition is also derived from the positioning of the patient, who must always remain inside the MRI equipment tunnel throughout the entire duration of the examination.
Description
Mestrado em Radiações Aplicadas às Tecnologias da Saúde - Área de especialização: Imagem por Ressonância Magnética
Keywords
Ressonância magnética Ansiedade Stress Pressão arterial Frequência cardíaca Magnetic resonance Anxiety Blood pressure Heart rate MRATES
Citation
Costa DA. Hardware como preditor da ansiedade em doentes submetidos a exames de ressonância magnética [dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2024.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa