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The comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring exposure to volatile organic compounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2026-01Artigo científico Acesso embargado
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datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorGiovannelli, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorMøller, Peter
dc.contributor.authorGajski, Goran
dc.contributor.authorStopper, Helga
dc.contributor.authorAzqueta, Amaya
dc.contributor.authorBankoglu, Ezgi Eyluel
dc.contributor.authorHaveric, Anja
dc.contributor.authorGerić, Marko
dc.contributor.authorCollins, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorLadeira, Carina
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-09T17:13:45Z
dc.date.available2026-03-09T17:13:45Z
dc.date.issued2026-01
dc.descriptionThis work was supported by the affiliated institutions, European Regional Development Fund project KK.01.1.1.02.0007 (Rec-IMI), the Croatian Science Foundation (HUMNap project #1192), the Horizon Europe (EDIAQI project #101057497), the European Union—Next Generation EU 533-03-23-0006 (BioMolTox), FCT/MCTES UIDP/05608/2020 (10.54499/UIDP/05608/2020) and UIDB/05608/2020 (10.54499/UIDB/05608/2020), and the International Comet Assay Working Group (ICAWG).
dc.description.abstractExposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, styrene, toluene, and formaldehyde is associated with genotoxicity and increased risk of cancer. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we have assessed the effects of VOCs exposure on levels of DNA strand breaks in leukocytes, measured by the comet assay, in human biomonitoring studies. The literature search led to 57 studies included in the review. Of these, 50 studies met the criteria to be used in the meta-analysis. Using standardized mean difference and 95 % confidence interval (CI), the meta-analyses show increased levels of DNA strand breaks in subjects exposed to benzene (1.59, 95 % CI: 0.94, 2.24), styrene (0.87, 95 % CI: 0.23, 1.51), formaldehyde (0.39, 95 % CI: −0.15, 0.92) and other organic solvents (2.14, 95 % CI: 1.48, 2.81). Results originate mainly from studies on workers, with only a few studies on environmental benzene exposure. Subgroup analysis indicates that all studies combined from middle-income countries have a higher effect size (1.81, 95 % CI: 1.26, 2.36, n = 28) than studies from high-income countries (0.87, 95 % CI: 0.49, 1.24, n = 22). This difference between middle- and high-income countries may be due to differences in exposure levels or exposure assessment. However, this might not be the only reason, as sensitivity analysis indicates that effect sizes are at risk of comet assay measurement bias, as 78 % (39 out of 50 studies) and 60 % (30 studies) have not reported the use of assay controls and blinded analysis of samples, respectively. Relatively few studies have a high risk of bias due to an inadequate comet assay procedure description (14 %, 7 studies) and exposure misclassification (16 %, 8 studies). Limitations of the study were the differences in protocols, comet descriptors, exposure assessment, and control for confounding factors among the studies. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis show that exposure to VOCs – benzene, styrene, formaldehyde, and others – is associated with increased levels of DNA strand breaks in human leukocytes.eng
dc.identifier.citationGiovannelli L, Møller P, Gajski G, Stopper H, Azqueta A, Ladeira C, et al. The comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring exposure to volatile organic compounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2026;797:108584.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.mrrev.2025.108584
dc.identifier.issn1383-5742
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/22703
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier BV
dc.relationEuropean Regional Development Fund project KK.01.1.1.02.0007
dc.relationHorizon Europe (EDIAQI project #101057497)
dc.relationEuropean Union—Next Generation EU 533-03-23-0006 (BioMolTox)
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383574225000559
dc.relation.ispartofMutation Research - Reviews in Mutation Research
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectComet assay
dc.subjectDNA damage
dc.subjectHuman biomonitoring
dc.subjectVolatiles
dc.subjectOccupational exposure
dc.subjectEnvironment exposure
dc.subjectPublic health
dc.subjectSystematic review
dc.subjectMeta-analysis
dc.titleThe comet assay as a tool in human biomonitoring exposure to volatile organic compounds: a systematic review and meta-analysiseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.startPage108584
oaire.citation.titleMutation Research - Reviews in Mutation Research
oaire.citation.volume797
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameLadeira
person.givenNameCarina
person.identifier144237
person.identifier.ciencia-id801C-1BBA-1D9E
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5588-0074
person.identifier.ridJ-2572-2012
person.identifier.scopus-author-id36463788000
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1aef4b60-4197-436b-84ab-80d31cbaed33
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery1aef4b60-4197-436b-84ab-80d31cbaed33

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