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Neutron activation analysis of wheat samples

2011-11Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorGalinha, C.
dc.contributor.authorAnawar, H. M.
dc.contributor.authorFreitas, Maria do Carmo
dc.contributor.authorPacheco, A. M.
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida-Silva, Marina
dc.contributor.authorCoutinho, J.
dc.contributor.authorMaçãs, B.
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, A. S.
dc.date.accessioned2012-01-19T11:02:33Z
dc.date.available2012-01-19T11:02:33Z
dc.date.issued2011-11
dc.description.abstractThe deficiency of essential micronutrients and excess of toxic metals in cereals, an important food items for human nutrition, can cause public health risk. Therefore, before their consumption and adoption of soil supplementation, concentrations of essential micronutrients and metals in cereals should be monitored. This study collected soil and two varieties of wheat samples–Triticum aestivum L. (Jordão/bread wheat), and Triticum durum L. (Marialva/durum wheat) from Elvas area, Portugal and analyzed concentrations of As, Cr, Co, Fe, K, Na, Rb and Zn using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) to focus on the risk of adverse public health issues. The low variability and moderate concentrations of metals in soils indicated a lower significant effect of environmental input on metal concentrations in agricultural soils. The Cr and Fe concentrations in soils that ranged from 93–117 and 26,400–31,300 mg/kg, respectively, were relatively high, but Zn concentration was very low (below detection limit <22 mg/kg) indicating that soils should be supplemented with Zn during cultivation. The concentrations of metals in roots and straw of both varieties of wheat decreased in the order of K>Fe>Na>Zn>Cr>Rb>As>Co. Concentrations of As, Co and Cr in root, straw and spike of both varieties were higher than the permissible limits with exception of a few samples. The concentrations of Zn in root, straw and spike were relatively low (4–30 mg/kg) indicating the deficiency of an essential micronutrient Zn in wheat cultivated in Portugal. The elemental transfer from soil to plant decreases with increasing growth of the plant. The concentrations of various metals in different parts of wheat followed the order: Root>Straw>Spike. A few root, straw and spike samples showed enrichment of metals, but the majority of the samples showed no enrichment. Potassium is enriched in all samples of root, straw and spike for both varieties of wheat. Relatively to the seed used for cultivation, Jordão presented higher transfer coefficients than Marialva, in particular for Co, Fe, and Na. The Jordão and Marialva cultivars accumulated not statistically significant different concentrations of different metals. The advantages of using INAA are the multielementality, low detection limits and use of solid samples (no need of digestion).por
dc.identifier.citationGalinha C, Anawar MH, Freitas MC, Pacheco AM, Almeida-Silva M, Goutinho J, Maçãs B, Almeida AS. Neutron activation analysis of wheat samples. Appl Radiat Isot. 2011;69(11):1596-604.por
dc.identifier.issn0969-8043
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/1072
dc.language.isoengpor
dc.peerreviewedyespor
dc.publisherElsevierpor
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969804311000765por
dc.subjectEnvironmental monitoringpor
dc.subjectHeavy metalpor
dc.subjectNeutron activation analysispor
dc.subjectPlant rootspor
dc.subjectPlant stemspor
dc.subjectSeedspor
dc.subjectWheatpor
dc.subjectSoilpor
dc.subjectSoil pollutantspor
dc.subjectTriticumpor
dc.subjectZincpor
dc.subjectPortugalpor
dc.titleNeutron activation analysis of wheat samplespor
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage1604por
oaire.citation.startPage1596por
oaire.citation.titleApplied Radiation and Isotopespor
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspor
rcaap.typearticlepor

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