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Resumo(s)
The ability of murine γδ T cells to rapidly produce the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 17 (IL-17) or interferon-γ (IFN-γ) underlies their crucial roles in several (patho)physiological contexts. This
capacity stems from a complex process of ‘developmental pre-programming in the thymus, after which
a large fraction of γδ T cells migrate to peripheral sites already committed to producing either the IL-17
or IFN-γ. We have previously found that one microRNA, miR-146a, maintains peripheral γδ T cell identity
by inhibiting IFN-g production by the IL-17-committed CD27− gδ T cell subset. To further and more globally
address the role of microRNAs in effector γδ T cell differentiation, we established a double reporter IL17-GFP:IFN-γ-YFP mouse strain and isolated pure IL-17+ and IFN-γ+ γδ T cell populations from the
peripheral lymphoid organs to perform small RNA-sequencing. This allowed us to identify clearly distinct
microRNA signatures associated with cytokine expression in γδ T cells, from which we selected ten
candidate microRNAs differentially expressed between IL-17+ and IFN-γ+ γδ T cells to study further. We
characterized the detailed expression pattern of each candidate microRNA in γδ T cell subsets throughout
mouse ontogeny and upon gain-of-function studies in in vitro cultures of γδ T cells. Our results indicate
that while some microRNAs, such as miR-128-3p and miR181a-5p, regulate γδ T cell development in the
thymus, other candidates, including miR-7a-5p, miR-139-5p, miR-322-5p, and miR-450b-3p, modulate
peripheral γδ T cell effector functions. More specifically, using a miR-181a deficient mouse model, we
have found that miR-181a, highly expressed in immature γδ T cell subsets in the thymus, shifts the in vivo
IL-17/IFN-γ balance towards the IL-17 pathway in neonatal life, which is further maintained in the
periphery during adult life. On the other hand, miR-7a-5p and miR-139-5p, overexpressed in peripheral
IFN-g+ γδ T cells, regulate peripheral γδ T cell effector functions, either acting as an IFN-γ auto-repressor
(miR-139-5p) or promoting functional plasticity (miR-7a-5p). Finally, miR-322-5p and miR-450b-3p,
overexpressed in IL-17+ γδ T cells, may have therapeutic potential by modulating the production of IFNγ, whose levels are critical in anti-tumoral and anti-viral responses. These data demonstrate the impact
of microRNAs on the differentiation and functional identity of effector γδ T cell subsets, which may open
new avenues for their manipulation in disease settings.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
MicroRNA Cytokines
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Inácio D, Amado T, Silva M, Sobral D, Cunha C, Gomes AQ, et al. A key role for microRNAs in the development and functional differentiation of γδ T cell subsets. In: 9th International gd T cell Conference [online], Zhuhai (China), November 5-8, 2021.