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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Na presente dissertação são descritos os métodos sintéticos aplicados na obtenção de nanomateriais de carbono luminescentes (NMC), derivados de duas fontes de carbono distintas, com potencial aplicação à química sensorial.
Foram desenvolvidos novos NMC derivados das águas de cozedura da cortiça, um efluente extremamente prejudicial ao meio ambiente e produzido em larga escala na indústria corticeira da qual Portugal é líder. O ácido cítrico foi igualmente utilizado como fonte de carbono na obtenção de NMC, os quais foram usados como modelo na avaliação das propriedades dos novos nanomateriais desenvolvidos.
Os NMC sintetizados foram analisados e caracterizados estruturalmente e morfologicamente por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), ressonância magnética nuclear de protão e carbono (RMN 1H e 13C), análise elementar, microscopia electrónica de transmissão (TEM) e difracção de raios-X (XRD). Técnicas de absorção no estado fundamental e luminescência de estado estacionário foram aplicadas na avaliação das propriedades fotofísicas destes materiais. A sua caracterização electroquímica foi efectuada com recurso à técnica de voltametria cíclica (CV).
A potencialidade destes materiais como sensores fluorescentes foi avaliada, tendo sido desenvolvidos estudos de fluorescência em solução com vista à detecção directa de proteínas. Destaca-se a sensibilidade e selectividade destes NMC na detecção de proteínas hémicas (citocromo c, mioglobina e hemoglobina), com especial enfâse para a utilização dos NMC derivados das águas de cozedura da cortiça.
This dissertation describes the synthetic methods applied to the preparation of luminescent carbon nanomaterials (CNM), derived from two carbon sources, with potential as chemical sensors. Cork industry wastewater was used as carbon source in the synthesis of new CNM. This effluent represents a serious environmental problem and it’s produced on a large scale in the cork industry of which Portugal is leader. Citric acid was also used as carbon source for CNM, being the obtained nanomaterials used as models in the evaluation of properties of the new prepared CNM. The as-synthesized CNM were analysed and structurally and morphologically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR), elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photophysical properties of these materials were studied using ground state absorption and steady state luminescence techniques. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies were also performed for CNM electrochemical characterization. The sensing capabilities of the obtained nanomaterials towards proteins were checked by fluorescence techniques in solution. High sensitivity and selectivity were obtained in the detection of heme proteins (cytochrome c, myoglobin and hemoglobin), especially with CNM derived from cork industry wastewater.
This dissertation describes the synthetic methods applied to the preparation of luminescent carbon nanomaterials (CNM), derived from two carbon sources, with potential as chemical sensors. Cork industry wastewater was used as carbon source in the synthesis of new CNM. This effluent represents a serious environmental problem and it’s produced on a large scale in the cork industry of which Portugal is leader. Citric acid was also used as carbon source for CNM, being the obtained nanomaterials used as models in the evaluation of properties of the new prepared CNM. The as-synthesized CNM were analysed and structurally and morphologically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR), elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photophysical properties of these materials were studied using ground state absorption and steady state luminescence techniques. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies were also performed for CNM electrochemical characterization. The sensing capabilities of the obtained nanomaterials towards proteins were checked by fluorescence techniques in solution. High sensitivity and selectivity were obtained in the detection of heme proteins (cytochrome c, myoglobin and hemoglobin), especially with CNM derived from cork industry wastewater.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Química e Biológica
Keywords
Nanomateriais de carbono luminescentes (NMC) Luminescent carbon nanomaterials (CNM) Águas de cozedura da cortiça Cork industry wastewater Fluorescência Fluorescence Sensores Sensors Proteínas Proteins
Citation
ALEXANDRE, Marta Sofia Rosa Domingues - Nanomateriais de carbono luminescentes a partir das águas industriais de cozedura de cortiça : síntese, caracterização e aplicação como sensores de proteínas. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2016. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa