Viruses present indoors and analyses approaches

Ribeiro, Edna; Leitão, Maria do Céu; Cristovam, Elisabete; Dias, Ana

Publication

Viruses present indoors and analyses approaches

2017-10Book part

dc.contributor.author	Ribeiro, Edna
dc.contributor.author	Leitão, Maria do Céu
dc.contributor.author	Cristovam, Elisabete
dc.contributor.author	Dias, Ana
dc.date.accessioned	2017-10-20T16:28:45Z
dc.date.available	2017-10-20T16:28:45Z
dc.date.issued	2017-10
dc.description.abstract	Through human history viruses have shown enormous epidemiological and pandemic potential as the occurrence and spread of viruses in pandemic dimensions poses a threat to the health and lives of seven billion people worldwide. Scientific evidence has associated harmful health effects to indoor air hazards recognizing the existence of a vital concern in public health sector. Thus the assessment of human exposure to biological aerosols and droplets indoor became an imperative requirement of the investigation. Environmental bioburden assessment of viruses relies on both culture-dependent approaches that comprise classical methodologies, still prominent and vital in the field of modern biotechnology, and culture-independent approaches based on nucleic acid amplification techniques, which are considered the gold standard in clinical virology. The main factor influencing indoor microbiology is the human being and their activities. Indoor environments to be considered are those regularly occupied by humans: residences, offices, schools, industrial buildings, healthcare facilities, farming activities and other settings occupied all the time, or in which occupant density is high. It’s well known that approximately 60% of total human respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are acquired indoor, since viruses have a rapid spread in the community and can be transmitted easily, especially in crowded and poorly ventilated environments, causing high morbidity and decline in quality of life and productivity. Studies have shown that respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus, influenza and parainfluenza virus, and human enterovirus infections may be associated with virus-induced asthma, leading to diseases such as pneumonia. Gastroenteritis infectious (about 30±40% of cases) is attributable to viruses. Rotavirus, Astrovirus, Norwalk-like viruses and other caliciviruses are responsible for 48% of all reported outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease. Safe working conditions are essential for healthy living, that’s why the programmes conceived as a result of strategic and preventive policy maintenance, in refrigeration and ventilation systems, are the determining factor for the control of biological pollutants. Moreover, the development of highly sensitive and specific detection and identification methodologies with capacity to be used in diverse applications, such as diagnosis, public health risk assessment, research and for the implementation of preventive measures and protocols are imperative.	pt_PT
dc.description.version	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion	pt_PT
dc.identifier.citation	Ribeiro E, Leitão C, Cristovam E, Dias A. Viruses present indoors and analyses approaches. In: Viegas C, Viegas S, Gomes AQ, Täubel M, Sabino R, editors. Exposure to microbiological agents in indoor and occupational environments. Springer; 2017. p. 129-55.	pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi	10.1007/978-3-319-61688-9_7	pt_PT
dc.identifier.isbn	978-3-319-61688-9
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/7434
dc.language.iso	eng	pt_PT
dc.peerreviewed	yes	pt_PT
dc.publisher	Springer Publishing Company	pt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversion	https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-61688-9_7	pt_PT
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/	pt_PT
dc.subject	Viruses indoor	pt_PT
dc.subject	Air transmission	pt_PT
dc.subject	Culture-dependent virus analysis	pt_PT
dc.subject	Culture-independent virus analysis	pt_PT
dc.subject	Environmental assessment	pt_PT
dc.title	Viruses present indoors and analyses approaches	pt_PT
dc.type	book part
dspace.entity.type	Publication
oaire.citation.endPage	155	pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage	129	pt_PT
person.familyName	Ribeiro
person.givenName	Edna
person.identifier.ciencia-id	C414-CDF2-D35A
person.identifier.orcid	0000-0003-1316-7750
rcaap.rights	restrictedAccess	pt_PT
rcaap.type	bookPart	pt_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication	a571bf34-bcda-49ca-b5cb-4cdecbb3d9c7
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	a571bf34-bcda-49ca-b5cb-4cdecbb3d9c7