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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução – O teste da ventilação requer a inalação de um radiofármaco pelo paciente, o que pode conduzir a contaminações dos técnicos de medicina nuclear (TMN) pelo gás radioativo. Objetivo – Avaliar a exposição à radiação ionizante do TMN durante testes de ventilação pulmonar com 99mTc-Technegas® através da monitorização de contaminações externas das mãos e rosto. Métodos – Monitorização de quatro TMN de dois serviços diferentes durante a realização de estudos de ventilação pulmonar, utilizando para o efeito o monitor de radiação Geiger-Müller. Foram medidos os valores de radiação de fundo da sala onde é realizado o teste de ventilação pulmonar antes e após o procedimento, com e sem a presença do paciente; foi medida a taxa de dose nas mãos (com e sem as luvas utilizadas no procedimento) e no rosto (com e sem a máscara utilizada no procedimento). Os dados foram analisados no software estatístico SPSS, v. 22.0 para Windows. Resultados – Verificou-se que em ambos os serviços de medicina nuclear estudados os valores de taxa de dose mais elevados foram medidos após o teste de ventilação, com o paciente dentro da sala. O serviço Y apresentou valores de taxa de dose superiores ao nível de significância de 5% nas mãos com as respetivas luvas, nas luvas usadas durante o procedimento, no rosto com a respetiva máscara e na máscara. Conclusão – A contaminação na sala é tanto maior quanto maior o número de estudos de ventilação realizados. As luvas constituem uma barreira externa contra a contaminação direta nas mãos. As máscaras reduzem o risco de contaminação do rosto do TMN.
ABSTRACT: Introduction – The ventilation technique requires a patient to inhale a radiopharmaceutical. During the procedure, the technologist risks being contaminated with radioactive gas. The aim of the study – To evaluate the exposure to radiation of the nuclear medicine technologists during lung ventilation studies with 99mTc-Technegas® through the monitoring of external contaminations of the hands and face. Methods – Measurement of four nuclear medicine technologists from two different nuclear medicine departments, using a Geiger-Müller counter. We measured the dose rate of the ventilation room background before and after the procedure, with and without the presence of the patient; we measured the dose rate on the hands (with and without the gloves used during the procedure) and on the face (with and without disposable facemask used during the procedure). The data was analyzed using SPSS statistic software, v. 22.0 for Windows. Results – We verified both departments showed higher dose rate values after the ventilation procedure while the patient stills in the room. Department Y showed higher dose rate values with a significate value of 5% on the hands with gloves on, on the gloves used during the procedure, on the face with the disposable mask on and on the mask. Conclusions – Background dose rate rises with the increase in the number of ventilation studies performed. Gloves are an external barrier against direct contamination on the hands. Face masks reduce the contamination risk on the face.
ABSTRACT: Introduction – The ventilation technique requires a patient to inhale a radiopharmaceutical. During the procedure, the technologist risks being contaminated with radioactive gas. The aim of the study – To evaluate the exposure to radiation of the nuclear medicine technologists during lung ventilation studies with 99mTc-Technegas® through the monitoring of external contaminations of the hands and face. Methods – Measurement of four nuclear medicine technologists from two different nuclear medicine departments, using a Geiger-Müller counter. We measured the dose rate of the ventilation room background before and after the procedure, with and without the presence of the patient; we measured the dose rate on the hands (with and without the gloves used during the procedure) and on the face (with and without disposable facemask used during the procedure). The data was analyzed using SPSS statistic software, v. 22.0 for Windows. Results – We verified both departments showed higher dose rate values after the ventilation procedure while the patient stills in the room. Department Y showed higher dose rate values with a significate value of 5% on the hands with gloves on, on the gloves used during the procedure, on the face with the disposable mask on and on the mask. Conclusions – Background dose rate rises with the increase in the number of ventilation studies performed. Gloves are an external barrier against direct contamination on the hands. Face masks reduce the contamination risk on the face.
Description
Keywords
Cintigrafia de ventilação pulmonar Exposição à radiação Proteção radiológica Segurança radiológica Dosimetria 99mTc-Technegas Lung ventilation scintigraphy Nuclear medicine technologist exposure Radiation protection Radiation safety Dosimetry
Citation
Alves M, Duarte AC, Mylkivska A, Pereira E, Jerónimo V, Carolino E, Vieira L. Exposição dos técnicos de medicina nuclear durante testes de ventilação pulmonar. Saúde & Tecnologia. 2018;(20):29-36.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa