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Modelação computacional de estruturas do tipo viga sob a ação de cargas móveis
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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho centra-se na implementação computacional de modelos estruturais do tipo viga sujeitos a cargas móveis, através do uso de programas de manipulação simbólica (MapleTM) e de programas de simulação numérica (ANSYS® WorkbenchTM), prevendo assim o comportamento mecânico desses modelos, considerando análises dinâmicas do tipo transiente. O modelo estrutural adotado baseia-se na teoria de vigas de Euler-Bernoulli. Através desta teoria, foi possível implementar o modelo de uma viga simplesmente apoiada sob a ação de uma carga móvel com a ajuda do programa MapleTM de forma a obter soluções ao nível da deformada, momento fletor e esforço transverso. De seguida, desenvolveu-se esse mesmo modelo no programa de simulação numérica ANSYS® WorkbenchTM. Consideram-se os cenários de reposta não-amortecida e de resposta amortecida da viga. Os modelos analítico e numérico, demonstraram concordância nos resultados fornecidos. Numa fase mais avançada do trabalho, consideraram-se outros cenários, através da alteração do modelo implementado inicialmente, tais como: modelo de viga contínua, modelo de viga encastrada-apoiada, modelo de viga simplesmente apoiada de secção transversal variável, modelo de viga simplesmente apoiada de comportamento mecânico heterogéneo e modelo de viga simplesmente apoiada com duas cargas móveis. Desta forma, foi possível prever o comportamento da viga nos diferentes cenários e analisar o impacto dessas alterações no modelo base. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos neste trabalho final de Mestrado possam contribuir para o avanço do Projeto Mecânico de estruturas do tipo viga sob ação de cargas móveis.
Abstract This work involves the computational implementation of beam type structural models under the action of moving loads, using symbolic manipulation programs (MapleTM) and numerical simulation programs (ANSYS® WorkbenchTM), in order to predict the mechanical behaviour of these models, considering transient dynamic analyses. The structural model adopted is based on the Euler-Bernoulli beams theory. Using this theory, it was possible to implement the model of a simply-supported beam under the action of a moving load with the help of MapleTM in order to obtain results in terms of deformation, bending moment and shear force. The same model was then implemented in ANSYS® WorkbenchTM. Damped and undamped response analyses were carried out for the simply-supported beam under the action of a moving load. These analytical and numerical models always showed agreement in the results provided deformation, bending moment and shear force. At a later stage of the work, other scenarios were considered by modifying the model initially implemented, such as: a continuous beam, a clamped-supported beam, a simply-supported beam with variable cross-section, a simply-supported beam with heterogeneous mechanical behavior and a simply-supported beam with two moving loads. In this way, it was possible to predict the behaviour of beams in the different scenarios and analyse the impact of these changes on the initial model. It is hoped that the results obtained in this work will contribute to the improvement of the mechanical design stage of beam-type structures under the action of moving loads.
Abstract This work involves the computational implementation of beam type structural models under the action of moving loads, using symbolic manipulation programs (MapleTM) and numerical simulation programs (ANSYS® WorkbenchTM), in order to predict the mechanical behaviour of these models, considering transient dynamic analyses. The structural model adopted is based on the Euler-Bernoulli beams theory. Using this theory, it was possible to implement the model of a simply-supported beam under the action of a moving load with the help of MapleTM in order to obtain results in terms of deformation, bending moment and shear force. The same model was then implemented in ANSYS® WorkbenchTM. Damped and undamped response analyses were carried out for the simply-supported beam under the action of a moving load. These analytical and numerical models always showed agreement in the results provided deformation, bending moment and shear force. At a later stage of the work, other scenarios were considered by modifying the model initially implemented, such as: a continuous beam, a clamped-supported beam, a simply-supported beam with variable cross-section, a simply-supported beam with heterogeneous mechanical behavior and a simply-supported beam with two moving loads. In this way, it was possible to predict the behaviour of beams in the different scenarios and analyse the impact of these changes on the initial model. It is hoped that the results obtained in this work will contribute to the improvement of the mechanical design stage of beam-type structures under the action of moving loads.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Mecânica, na Área de Especialização de Manutenção e Produção
Keywords
Vigas de Euler-Bernoulli Cargas mveis Método dos elementos finitos Método de Newmark Euler-Bernoulli Beams Moving loads Finite element method Newmark’s method
Citation
SOARES, Frederico Miranda – Modelação computacional de estruturas do tipo viga sob a ação de cargas móveis. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa. 2024. Dissertação de Mestrado.