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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução – A estenose vaginal é um efeito secundário da braquiterapia ginecológica, resultante de danos na mucosa vaginal causados pela radiação ionizante. A estenose vaginal é caracterizada pelo estreitamento do canal vaginal, perda de lubrificação e elasticidade, causando desconforto e mal-estar, diminuindo, assim, a qualidade de vida das doentes. O método mais usado para minimizar ou prevenir a estenose vaginal é o uso de dilatadores vaginais. Métodos – Entre março e abril de 2020 foram realizadas pesquisas na Scopus, PubMed e ScienceDirect, seguindo as orientações PRISMA para revisões sistemáticas, de modo a tentar estabelecer um consenso em relação ao uso dos dilatadores vaginais na prevenção da estenose vaginal após a braquiterapia. Resultados – A dilatação vaginal deve começar a partir das duas semanas após conclusão da braquiterapia, sendo a sua frequência de uso preferencialmente três vezes por semana, por dez minutos, durante pelo menos um ano. A informação escrita e o follow-up é muito importante para a adesão das doentes ao uso dos dilatadores. Conclusão – O uso de dilatadores vaginais é o mais indicado para prevenir a estenose vaginal, sendo recomendado o seu uso duas a três vezes por semana, por dez minutos, com uma duração de pelo menos um ano. A informação fornecida é muito importante para a colaboração das doentes.
ABSTRACT - Introduction – Vaginal stenosis is a gynecological brachytherapy side effect, resulting from damage by ionizing radiation on the vaginal mucosa. Vaginal stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the vaginal vault, lubrification, and elasticity loss, causing discomfort and unwellness, thus decreasing the quality of life of patients. The most used method to minimize and prevent vaginal stenosis is by using vaginal dilators. Methods – Between March and April 2020, research was carried out on Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, to try to establish a consensus regarding the use of vaginal dilators in the prevention of vaginal stenosis after brachytherapy. Results – Vaginal dilation should start from two weeks after completion of brachytherapy, with the frequency of use preferably three times a week, for ten minutes, for at least one year. Given written information and follow-up is very important for patients’ adherence to the use of dilators. Conclusion – The use of vaginal dilators is the most indicated to prevent vaginal stenosis, and its use is recommended two to three times a week, for ten minutes, with a duration of at least one year. The information provided is very important for patient compliance.
ABSTRACT - Introduction – Vaginal stenosis is a gynecological brachytherapy side effect, resulting from damage by ionizing radiation on the vaginal mucosa. Vaginal stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the vaginal vault, lubrification, and elasticity loss, causing discomfort and unwellness, thus decreasing the quality of life of patients. The most used method to minimize and prevent vaginal stenosis is by using vaginal dilators. Methods – Between March and April 2020, research was carried out on Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect following the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, to try to establish a consensus regarding the use of vaginal dilators in the prevention of vaginal stenosis after brachytherapy. Results – Vaginal dilation should start from two weeks after completion of brachytherapy, with the frequency of use preferably three times a week, for ten minutes, for at least one year. Given written information and follow-up is very important for patients’ adherence to the use of dilators. Conclusion – The use of vaginal dilators is the most indicated to prevent vaginal stenosis, and its use is recommended two to three times a week, for ten minutes, with a duration of at least one year. The information provided is very important for patient compliance.
Description
Keywords
Radioterapia Braquiterapia ginecológica Estenose vaginal Dilatador vaginal Cancro ginecológico Radiotherapy Gynecological brachytherapy Vaginal stenosis Vaginal dilator Gynecological cancer
Citation
Rosa FF, Monsanto F, Caetano M. Dilatadores vaginais na prevenção da estenose vaginal em doentes submetidas a braquiterapia ginecológica: revisão sistemática da literatura. Saúde & Tecnologia. 2021;(25):18-24.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa